Blood alanine aminotransferase increased

When you have a physical examination in the hospital, you should not only check the liver, myocardial function, and kidney diseases, but also pay attention to a thorough examination of all aspects of the body. This can prevent illness. It can also detect whether there is elevated aminase, because if this chemical plant has a decrease or increase in normal values, it will have a great impact on the body.

Aminotransferase (transaminase) is a class of enzymes that catalyze the transfer of amino groups between amino acids and keto acids. It is widely found in animal and plant tissues and microorganisms, and its content is higher in animal tissues such as the myocardium, brain, liver, and kidney, as well as in mung bean sprouts.

Transaminase is an essential "catalyst" for the normal operation of the human liver, a "chemical factory". It is a "barometer" of the liver. Liver cells are the main habitat of transaminase. When liver cells become inflamed, poisoned, necrotic, etc., they will be damaged, and transaminase will be released into the blood, causing an increase in serum transaminase.

Type Introduction

There are many types of transaminases. Except for lysine and threonine, the remaining α-amino acids in the body can participate in transamination and each has its own specific transaminase. Among them, alanine aminotransferase (GPT) and aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) are the most important. The former catalyzes the transamination between glutamate and pyruvate, and the latter catalyzes the transamination between glutamate and oxaloacetate. All reactions catalyzed by transaminases are reversible.

Transaminases can be divided into three major categories according to their substrates. La-amino acid (ketoacid transaminase), ω-amino acid (ketoacid transaminase) and D-amino acid transaminase. The cofactor of transaminase is pyridoxal phosphate or pyridoxamine phosphate, which can be interchanged in the transamination reaction.

In the tissues of higher animals, the most active transaminases are glutamate: oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamate: pyruvate transaminase (GPT).

GOT is most active in the heart, followed by the liver; GPT is most active in the liver. When the liver cell membrane is ruptured and damaged, alanine aminotransferase GPT is released into the blood, and the enzyme activity in the blood increases significantly. In clinical practice, measuring transaminase activity in the blood can be used as a diagnostic indicator. For example, measuring GPT activity can be used to diagnose whether liver function is normal or not. The GPT activity in the serum of patients with acute hepatitis can be significantly higher than that of normal people. Measuring GOT activity is helpful for the diagnosis of heart disease. The GOT activity in the serum shows an increase during myocardial infarction.

effect

Transaminase is an essential "catalyst" for the normal operation of the human liver, a "chemical factory". It is a "barometer" of the liver. Liver cells are the main habitat of transaminase. When liver cells are damaged by inflammation, poisoning, necrosis, etc., transaminase will be released into the blood, causing serum transaminase to rise.

Reference value

Normal reference values ​​for 13 liver function tests

The normal value of aspartate aminotransferase GOT is 0-37u/L (various liver diseases, early myocardial infarction, liver cell necrosis, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer are all abnormally high)

The normal value of alanine aminotransferase GPT is 0-40u/L (hepatitis drug poisoning, obstructive jaundice, liver degeneration and sclerosing cholangitis and cholangiocarcinoma are all abnormally high)

The normal ratio of aspartate to aspartate is 1.5~2.5:1 (when the ratio is less than 1, it is called inversion, which is a characteristic of chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis).

Sign 1)

The normal value of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase γ-GT is 0-50u/L (primary or metastatic liver cancer, biliary tract infection, cirrhosis, and myocardial infarction are all abnormally high)