Causes and hazards of low blood sugar

In people's daily lives, high blood sugar is a relatively common disease, which is mainly caused by excessive intake of sugar and fat by the human body. However, low blood sugar is also a common phenomenon in life, and low blood sugar is also a manifestation of unhealthy human body. Low blood sugar will reduce the activity of human cells, resulting in reduced resistance and kidney capacity, etc. Here are some of the causes and dangers of low blood sugar.

1. Causes of low blood sugar

1. Organic hypoglycemia. It is caused by primary lesions of the pancreatic islets and extrapancreatic tissues, resulting in excessive secretion of insulin, C-peptide or insulin-like substances.

2. Functional hypoglycemia. The patient himself has no primary disease, and hypoglycemia is caused by nutritional and drug factors.

3. Reactive hypoglycemia. Since most patients have autonomic nervous system dysfunction and vagus nerve excitement, insulin secretion increases accordingly, resulting in clinical manifestations of hypoglycemia.

Second, the harm of low blood sugar:

1. When hypoglycemia occurs, the body's glucose-raising hormones such as adrenaline, glucocorticoids, glucagon and growth hormone increase, leading to reactive blood sugar (Somogy effect), causing blood sugar fluctuations and worsening of the condition.

2. Hypoglycemia can also stimulate the cardiovascular system and trigger arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, stroke, etc.

3. Long-term, repeated and severe hypoglycemia attacks can lead to irreversible damage to the central nervous system, causing personality changes in the patient, and ultimately mental disorders, dementia, etc.

4. If hypoglycemia coma is not discovered for too long, it may result in death.

Based on the above situation, when you encounter hypoglycemia, you should do the following:

1. If the patient is conscious, give him sugar water, or eat biscuits or snacks containing more sugar.

2. If the patient's consciousness has changed, 40-60 ml of 50% glucose should be injected intravenously. In more serious cases, 10% glucose can be continuously dripped intravenously.

3. If conditions permit, 1 mg of glucagon can be used for intramuscular injection, but glucagon is relatively expensive. Patients with hypoglycemia can also carry more snacks with them to prevent excessive hunger.

3. Prevention of hypoglycemia:

1. Eat at regular times and in regular amounts. If the amount of food consumed is reduced, the dosage of the medicine should be reduced accordingly.

2. Strictly limit alcohol intake and never drink on an empty stomach.

3. Exercise reasonably. Do not exercise on an empty stomach. You should exercise 1-2 hours after a meal because blood sugar levels are higher at this time and hypoglycemia is less likely to occur.

4. Reduce the dosage of hypoglycemic drugs appropriately before exercise, or eat something to replenish energy during exercise.

5. If hypoglycemia occurs frequently, you should keep records and ask your doctor for possible causes and solutions.

6. If hypoglycemia occurs at night, you must remain calm. If the patient is still able to eat at this time, you can give him some candy or sugar water, and quickly check his blood sugar. If the patient is already unconscious, he should be sent to the hospital for emergency treatment immediately.

The potential threat of hypoglycemia is not small and effective prevention should be done. If you already have hypoglycemia, you should actively adopt diet therapy and exercise moderately to keep yourself healthy.