Things to pay attention to when caring for bronchial asthma

Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory disease. Most patients develop the disease in the early morning or at night because the cold is heavier during this period. When the disease occurs, patients often feel chest tightness, shortness of breath, and constant coughing. In severe cases, they may cough up blood. When caring for patients with bronchial asthma, it is necessary to understand that the patient's condition is not only related to his or her own condition, but also to the quality of the surrounding environment.

Introduction to Bronchial Asthma:

Bronchial asthma, referred to as asthma, is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways involving multiple cells (such as eosinophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes, etc.) and cellular components. The essence of asthma is chronic allergic inflammation of the airways, which is different from the inflammation caused by general bacterial infection of the airways and is a non-specific inflammation. The disease has a long course and frequent attacks, with characteristics of acute, critical and severe. Susceptible people infected with this inflammation may suffer from recurrent symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness and cough. The intensity varies with time, and often occurs and worsens at night or early morning. Most patients can be relieved on their own or after treatment. If bronchial asthma is not diagnosed and treated in time, irreversible airway narrowing and airway remodeling may occur as the disease progresses.

Main nursing issues:

1. Impaired gas exchange.

2. Clearing the respiratory tract is ineffective.

3. Lack of knowledge: Lack of knowledge on the correct use of metered dose inhalers.

Nursing measures:

1. Environmental care

Open windows regularly for ventilation to keep the indoor air fresh and maintain appropriate room temperature and humidity. No flowers or plants are placed indoors, and no fur, down or silk fabrics are used.

2. Oxygen therapy care

Administer oxygen via nasal cannula or mask as directed by the doctor, with an oxygen flow rate of 1-3 L/min and an inhaled oxygen concentration not exceeding 40%. Observe the patient's basic condition.

3. Medication care

Take the medicine as prescribed by the doctor and observe the efficacy and adverse reactions of the medicine. When using β2 receptor stimulants, pay attention to adverse reactions such as palpitations and hypokalemia; glucocorticoids should be taken after meals to reduce irritation to the gastrointestinal mucosa; inhale hormone drugs correctly and rinse your mouth with water immediately after taking the medicine.