How to treat aplastic anemia?

Aplastic anemia is extremely harmful and must be treated actively, otherwise it will endanger life. At present, there are many methods to treat this disease. The most common ones include supportive symptomatic treatment, severe aplastic anemia treatment, non-severe aplastic anemia treatment, and traditional Chinese medicine treatment for chronic aplastic anemia, and the effects are all very good.

1. What is the cause of aplastic anemia?

Aplastic anemia is a disease caused by multiple causes and mechanisms, including viral infection, chemical poisons, and ionizing radiation. It is currently believed that hyperfunction of T lymphocytes leading to bone marrow damage and hematopoietic failure plays a major role in primary acquired aplastic anemia.

2. How to treat aplastic anemia?

1. Supportive treatment: transfuse red blood cells or platelets according to the condition; actively fight infection when combined with infection; use granulocyte colony-stimulating factor to increase white blood cells when granulocytopenia is combined with severe infection. Patients with long-term blood transfusions require iron removal treatment when the ferritin level is greater than 1000ug/L.

2. Severe aplastic anemia: For patients ≥40 years old or <40 years old but without HLA-matched sibling donors, ATG/ALG and cyclosporine combined with androgen treatment are the first choice; for patients <40 years old with HLA-matched sibling donors, HLA-matched sibling donor bone marrow transplantation is the first choice, and peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is not recommended; bone marrow transplantation from unrelated HLA-matched donors is only used for young patients with severe aplastic anemia who are ineffective with ATG/ALG and cyclosporine.

3. Non-severe aplastic anemia: Non-severe aplastic anemia that depends on blood transfusion should be treated with cyclosporine plus androgen for 6 months. If it is ineffective, treat it as severe aplastic anemia; non-severe aplastic anemia that does not depend on blood transfusion should be treated with cyclosporine and (or) androgen.

4. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment of chronic aplastic anemia: Aplastic anemia is caused by kidney deficiency. Cool and moist Yin-nourishing drugs can relieve symptoms, and warm and hot Yang-nourishing drugs can improve hematopoietic function. A series of treatment rules have been summarized, including "tonifying the kidney as the main and tonifying Qi as the auxiliary", "tonifying Yang as the main and nourishing Yin as the auxiliary", "reducing symptoms first and then producing blood" and "cool, warm and hot".