What is the treatment for bacterial meningitis

Simply put, bacterial meningitis is a relatively serious infectious disease with a high mortality rate and the probability of developing sequelae. There are more children patients, mainly caused by meningococci, and they need timely and correct treatment.

1. General treatment

Lie quietly in bed, pay attention to disinfection and isolation, keep the airway open, give oxygen, and suction sputum. For anticonvulsants, diazepam 0.1-0.2 mg/kg can be used intravenously (up to 10 mg each time); phenobarbital sodium 5-7 mg/kg can be injected intramuscularly and intravenously, half of each dose; phenytoin sodium 6 mg/kg can be injected intravenously, which can be repeated if necessary and changed to oral administration as soon as possible; paracetamol 0.3 ml/kg can be administered by enema.

2. Antimicrobial therapy

(1) Influenza B: Use ampicillin 400 mg/(kg.d), divided into 6 intravenous doses. Stop the drug 5 days after the fever subsides. The course of treatment is 10 to 14 days. Or stop the drug when the lymphocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid are <50×106/L and the protein is <500 mg/L after a full course of treatment. Chloramphenicol 50-100 mg/(kg.d), divided into 2 intravenous injections, the course of treatment is 7 days.

(2) Pneumococcus: Penicillin 800,000-1,000,000 U/(kg.d) by intravenous drip, ampicillin 150-400 mg/(kg.d) or erythromycin 50-60 mg/(kg?d) by intravenous drip in divided doses. If the patient is allergic to penicillin, cephalosporin 80 mg/kg may be used instead, divided into 4 doses for intravenous injection, plus intrathecal injection of 5-25 mg/d.

(3) Staphylococcus: ceftriaxone. Penicillin is used for sensitive strains, and ceftriaxone is injected intrathecally.

(4) Pathogen is unknown: Ampicillin. If the patient is allergic to penicillin, chloramphenicol can be used instead.

3. Treatment of cerebral hyponatremia

If serum sodium is <120mmol/L and there are symptoms of hyponatremia, 12ml/kg of 3% sodium chloride can be dripped intravenously within 2 to 3 hours. This amount can increase serum sodium by about 10mmol/L and can be repeated after a few hours if necessary.