How to diagnose and treat thyroid nodules

Thyroid nodules are very common in clinical practice. There are two types of thyroid nodules: benign and malignant. Many people want to know how to diagnose and treat thyroid nodules. In this case, the diagnosis can be confirmed through some examinations. B-ultrasound examination can also be used to confirm the diagnosis.

1. Neck X-ray examination:

Small or sand-like calcifications on nodules may be sand bodies of papillary carcinoma. Large, irregular calcifications may be seen in degenerative nodular goiters or thyroid cancer. If infiltration or deformation is seen in the tracheal image, it indicates a malignant lesion.

2. Thyroid B-ultrasound examination:

The nodules can be shown to be solid, cystic or mixed lesions. A single solid nodule has a higher possibility of being malignant, and a mixed nodule also has the possibility of being malignant. A simple cystic nodule has a lower chance of being malignant.

3. Thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology examination:

The examination is simple and safe, and is very helpful in distinguishing benign from malignant nodules.

4. Thyroid function test:

Functionally autonomous toxic nodules are mostly caused by hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism may also occur in the early stages of subacute thyroiditis. The thyroid function of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis may be normal, hyperactive, or hypoactive. Thyroid nodules caused by other lesions mostly have normal functions.

5. Surgical treatment: For some patients who have been ill for a long time, whose tumors are large and hard, and have a tendency to become malignant, we also remind them to actively undergo surgical resection. We should try our best to adopt surgical treatment in time, and make pathological sections to confirm whether the tumor is benign or malignant. After surgery, Chinese medicine is used for consolidation treatment to prevent recurrence. Because surgery is only a local treatment method, tumor growth in a certain part of the body is a local phenomenon of a systemic disease. For most cancer patients, local treatment cannot solve the problem and only treats the symptoms but not the root cause. Practice has shown that a large number of recurrence and metastasis cases after tumor surgery are enough to show that local treatment is difficult to cure the tumor.