How is glaucoma caused?

We all need to pay attention to the causes of glaucoma, which include some pathological intraocular pressure and factors that affect intraocular pressure. In particular, if some people's intraocular pressure is higher than the normal limit, the optic nerve will be easily damaged.

: : : : : : : : : : : : : : :

2. Range of pathological intraocular pressure: If any part of the aqueous humor channel is blocked, it will lead to increased intraocular pressure. In normal people, the intraocular pressure fluctuates slightly within 24 hours a day. It is generally lowest in the evening. After resting at night, the intraocular pressure gradually rises to the highest before waking up in the early morning, and then slowly decreases after getting up and moving around. The intraocular pressure fluctuation range does not exceed 0.665 kpa (5 mmHg), and the intraocular pressure of both eyes is basically equal, or the difference is not big. If the 24-hour intraocular pressure difference exceeds 1.064 kpa (8 mmHg), the highest intraocular pressure exceeds 2.793 kpa (21 mmHg) or the intraocular pressure difference between the two eyes is greater than 0.665 kpa (5 mmHg), it should be regarded as abnormal and further examination is required.

3. High intraocular pressure and optic disc microcirculation disorders are the main causes of glaucomatous optic disc depression and visual field damage. Although high intraocular pressure is an important factor in glaucomatous damage, it is not absolute. Clinically, some patients have intraocular pressure that exceeds the statistical normal upper limit, but after long-term observation, no optic disc and visual field damage occurs, which is called ocular hypertension. In a few patients, the intraocular pressure is within the normal range or critical value, but the optic disc and visual field damage is already very obvious. This type of glaucoma is called low-tension glaucoma or low-critical glaucoma.

4. Acute attacks of acute angle-closure glaucoma are accompanied by severe headaches, nausea, vomiting, etc. Sometimes the eye symptoms are ignored and misdiagnosed as acute gastroenteritis or neurological diseases. The acute attack period is easily confused with acute iridocyclitis or acute conjunctivitis, which requires differentiation.