What to do if the veins in the lower extremities are dilated

Special attention should be paid to the treatment of lower limb venous vasodilation, but attention should also be paid to understanding the causes of the disease so that we can better prevent it and choose scientific treatment methods in life. We should also pay attention to understanding some of its physiological structures and symptoms.

1. First understand the cause of the disease. Only by understanding the cause of the disease can we know how to prevent it in life, what treatment to choose, how to cooperate with the doctor's treatment, etc. Varicose veins are a disease of the venous blood vessels, which causes the blood in the veins to flow back for a long time and accumulate in the local veins, causing the blood vessels to be tortuous and twisted, forming a curved state.

2. Varicose veins of the lower limbs are the most important disease of the venous system and one of the most common vascular diseases of the limbs. Varicose veins and their complications, especially ulcers, are usually the cause of most cases of vascular disease in the extremities. Varicose veins can be divided into two categories: primary and secondary. Secondary varicose veins will be discussed in the relevant chapters. Here we mainly introduce primary varicose veins of the lower limbs.

3. In order to better understand the occurrence and development, etiology and treatment basis of varicose veins of the lower limbs, one must first be familiar with the anatomy and physiology of the superficial veins of the lower limbs. The superficial venous system of the lower limbs is composed of the large and small saphenous veins and their tributaries, which can drain the venous blood of the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the lower limbs.

1. Great saphenous vein system: The great saphenous vein starts from the inner side of the dorsal venous arch of the foot and goes straight upward, passes in front of the medial malleolus along the edge of the tibia to reach the posterior part of the medial femoral condyle, then goes upward and outward, and is located on the inner side of the thigh and is injected into the femoral vein at the oval fossa. In the 5 to 7 cm section before the great saphenous vein enters the femoral vein, it receives many branches, which are: ① the superficial iliac circumflex vein, which receives blood from the lower and outer skin of the abdominal wall and the proximal outer thigh; ② the superficial abdominal wall vein, which receives blood from the lower and inner skin of the abdominal wall; ③ the superficial pudendal vein, which drains blood from the scrotum and penis of men and the labia majora of women; ④ the lateral femoral superficial vein, which is located on the outside of the great saphenous vein; ⑤ the medial femoral superficial vein, which is located on the inside of the great saphenous vein.

2. Small saphenous vein system: It originates from the outer side of the dorsal venous arch of the foot, ascends between the Achilles tendon and the posterior edge of the lateral malleolus, and is covered by the skin and superficial fascia in the lower 1/3 of the calf, located on the superficial surface of the deep fascia; in the middle 1/3 of the calf, it enters the subfascial tissue under the cover of the gastrocnemius tendon; in the upper 1/3, it passes through the deep fascia, enters the popliteal fossa and is injected into the popliteal vein. The upper segment of the small saphenous vein is located in a deeper position and is supported by fascia, so generally no obvious varicose veins are visible.