What is the route of Helicobacter pylori infection

Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that generally exists in our stomach or duodenum. It can easily cause inflammation of our gastric mucosa and duodenal ulcers. The occurrence of gastric cancer is closely related to Helicobacter pylori infection. It should also be noted that a considerable number of Helicobacter pylori carriers do not show any symptoms. There are many ways of Helicobacter pylori infection, which are briefly discussed below.

Under normal circumstances, the stomach wall has a series of complete self-protection mechanisms (secretion of gastric acid and protease, protective effect of insoluble and soluble mucus layer, regular movement, etc.) that can resist the invasion of thousands of microorganisms entering through the mouth. Since the discovery of Helicobacter pylori on the surface of gastric mucosal epithelial cells, it has been recognized that Helicobacter pylori is almost the only culprit that can break through this natural barrier.

Currently, most of the research on the infection routes of Helicobacter pylori can be classified into this theory. It mainly includes: factors that enable Helicobacter pylori to penetrate the mucus layer and settle on the surface of gastric epithelial cells; toxin factors that destroy gastric epithelial cells; various inflammatory cells and inflammatory mediators; immune response substances, etc.

Since spicy food can easily irritate the gastric mucosa, causing the stomach's resistance to decline, it can easily lead to the invasion of Helicobacter pylori. Therefore, although the effect of spicy food on Helicobacter pylori antibody infection is not immediate, it cannot be ignored. Helicobacter pylori is a high-risk factor for stomach diseases, and one of the frequent ways of infection with Helicobacter pylori is eating raw foods. In Western cuisine, people are used to cooking steaks medium-rare or even medium-rare, or they enjoy eating hot pot even though the meat is not yet cooked through. These may lead to safety risks of Helicobacter pylori infection.

It should be noted that around the world, patients with digestive system diseases carry Helicobacter pylori in their bodies to a greater or lesser extent. In developing countries, the number of people carrying Helicobacter pylori is higher. The above only introduces the general transmission routes of Helicobacter pylori. The specific transmission routes of this bacteria have not yet been clearly understood.