Is low-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumor a malignant tumor?

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are low-risk malignant tumors, but their malignancy is low and their prognosis is relatively good. Their occurrence is related to multiple causes such as gene mutation, environmental factors, and genetics. The treatment is mainly surgical resection, combined with targeted drug therapy when necessary.

1. Low-risk malignant nature of gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor is a tumor that originates from the mesenchymal tissue of the gastrointestinal wall. It is divided into low-risk, intermediate-risk and high-risk according to factors such as tumor size, nuclear division, and tumor location. Although low-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumors are malignant tumors, they grow slowly, have a low risk of metastasis, and have a relatively good prognosis. Patients need to be followed up regularly to monitor tumor changes.

2. Causes of low-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Gene mutation is the main cause of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. About 85% of patients have KIT gene mutations, and a small number of patients have PDGFRA gene mutations. Environmental factors such as long-term exposure to chemicals and radiation may also increase the risk of disease. Genetic factors play an important role in some familial gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Chronic inflammation or trauma to the gastrointestinal tract may induce tumor formation.

3. Treatment of low-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Surgical resection is the preferred treatment for low-risk GIST, including laparoscopic surgery, laparotomy, and robotic-assisted surgery. For patients who cannot be completely resected or have a high risk of recurrence, targeted drug therapy such as imatinib, sunitinib, and regorafenib can be combined. Imaging and endoscopic examinations are required regularly after surgery to monitor tumor recurrence.

4. Life management and prevention

Patients should pay attention to diet after surgery, eat more high-protein, high-fiber foods such as eggs, fish, vegetables and fruits, and avoid spicy foods. Moderate exercise such as walking and yoga can help restore body functions. Quit smoking and limit alcohol, maintain good work and rest habits, and avoid overwork. Regular physical examinations can help detect and treat potential problems early.

Although low-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumors are malignant tumors, patients can obtain a better prognosis through timely treatment and scientific management. Surgical resection is the main treatment method, and targeted drugs can play an important role in specific cases. Patients should actively cooperate with treatment, pay attention to lifestyle adjustments, and follow up regularly to reduce the risk of recurrence and improve the quality of life.