What should be checked for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

The examination of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is mainly carried out through imaging, endoscopy and pathology. Early detection is the key to treatment. Commonly used examination methods include nasopharyngeal endoscopy, imaging examinations such as CT, MRI and pathological biopsy.

1. Nasopharyngeal endoscopy

Nasopharyngeal endoscopy is the preferred method for NPC screening. The doctor directly observes the nasopharynx through an endoscope to check for abnormal masses, ulcers or bleeding. This method is simple, fast and can detect early lesions. If suspicious areas are found, the doctor will further take samples for pathological examination.

2. Imaging examination

Imaging examination is an important means to evaluate the scope and stage of NPC. Commonly used methods include CT and MRI. CT can clearly show the bone structure of the nasopharynx and help determine whether the tumor has invaded surrounding tissues. MRI has a higher resolution for soft tissue and can more accurately assess the size and scope of the tumor. PET-CT can also be used to determine whether there is distant metastasis.

3. Pathological biopsy

Pathological biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The doctor takes a small tissue sample under the guidance of a nasopharyngeal endoscope or imaging and sends it to the laboratory for pathological analysis. Pathological examination can determine the type, degree of differentiation and malignancy of the tumor, providing a basis for subsequent treatment.

4. Other auxiliary examinations

Blood tests such as Epstein-Barr virus antibody testing can help diagnose NPC, as Epstein-Barr virus infection is closely related to the occurrence of NPC. Ultrasound examination of the cervical lymph nodes can help determine whether there is lymph node metastasis.

The early symptoms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma are not obvious and are easily overlooked. If you experience persistent nasal congestion, nose bleeding, tinnitus, hearing loss, or swollen lymph nodes in the neck, you should seek medical attention immediately. Through the above examination methods, doctors can make a clear diagnosis and develop a personalized treatment plan. Early detection and treatment are the key to improving the cure rate of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. It is recommended that high-risk groups undergo regular screening.