Factors causing bladder cancer

Bladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary system, and its incidence rate ranks first among malignant tumors of the urinary system. So what causes bladder cancer? The following are the factors related to bladder cancer.

The cause is not yet fully understood, but it is associated with the following factors:

① Environment and occupation: It has been confirmed that β-naphthylamine, benzidine, 4-aminobisphenyl, etc. are carcinogens of bladder cancer. They are intermediate products in the manufacture of dyes or antioxidants in the rubber and plastics industries. Long-term exposure to these substances is prone to bladder cancer.

② Other abnormalities in tryptophan and niacin metabolism may be the cause of bladder cancer, but other chronic diseases also have such abnormalities. Schistosoma haematobium parasitic in the bladder, leukoplakia, glandular cystitis, urinary stones, urinary retention, etc. may also be the cause of bladder cancer.

Pathology is related to the tumor's tissue type, degree of cell differentiation, growth pattern and infiltration depth, among which cell differentiation and infiltration depth are the most important. The tumor is mostly distributed on the lateral and posterior walls of the bladder, followed by the triangular area and the top. It can occur in multiple centers. Bladder tumors may be accompanied by renal pelvis, ureter, and urethral tumors successively or simultaneously.

The spread of bladder tumors mainly infiltrates deep into the tissues outside the bladder. Lymphatic metastasis is common. For those who infiltrate the superficial muscle layer, about 50% of the lymphatic vessels have control cells, and for those who infiltrate the deep muscle layer, almost all the lymphatic vessels have cancer cells. When bladder cancer infiltrates into the tissues surrounding the bladder, most of them have distant lymph node metastasis. Hematogenous metastasis is mostly in the late stage, mainly metastasized to the liver, lungs, bones, skin and ribs, etc. Tumor cells with poor differentiation are prone to infiltration and metastasis.

Although the cause of bladder cancer is not yet fully understood, we still need to be careful and pay attention to the adverse effects of environmental factors.