What are the new models for lung cancer treatment? This treatment of lung cancer can significantly improve the effect

How lobectomy treats lung cancer

The choice of lung resection method is mainly based on the location and range of tumor invasion and the patient's respiratory function reserve. It can generally be divided into wedge or local resection, segmental resection, lobectomy or sleeve lobectomy.

Lobectomy is suitable for lung cancer with lesions confined to one lobe. Lobectomy can remove the lobe where the tumor is located together with the lymph nodes around the lobar bronchus and mediastinal lymph nodes that drain it. It can not only completely remove the tumor tissue, but also preserve normal lung tissue to the greatest extent. Patients can generally tolerate the surgery. The surgical complications and mortality rate are significantly lower than those of pneumonectomy. It is currently the best surgical treatment for lung cancer.

Bilobectomy refers to the removal of the upper and middle lobes on the right side, or the middle and lower lobes on the right side. The former is suitable for peripheral lung cancer that grows across the interlobular fissure, while the latter is mainly suitable for central lung cancer in the middle or lower lobe. The lesion is located near the opening of the middle and lower lobes, and only bilobectomy can completely remove the tumor tissue. In a few cases, the reason for bilobectomy is the invasion of blood vessels or lymph nodes between the lobes.

What are the new treatment models for lung cancer?

Selecting appropriate beneficiaries and treatment methods based on the clinical stage, age, physical condition, underlying diseases, etc. of lung cancer patients is called individualized treatment, which is also a new model of lung cancer treatment in recent years.

The process of individualized treatment of lung cancer is as follows: the thoracic surgery department will first consult to determine whether surgery is possible. If surgery is not possible, the patient can go to the oncology department for chemotherapy, the radiotherapy department for radiotherapy, or radiofrequency, particle, thermal perfusion, targeted therapy, traditional Chinese medicine, etc. Among them, chemotherapy and targeted therapy should be mentioned in particular.

For patients with advanced lung cancer, when choosing first-line and second-line chemotherapy regimens, platinum-containing two-drug regimens are generally used for 4 to 6 cycles of chemotherapy. However, clinical practice has found that the same gender and pathological type, the same chemotherapy regimen, will achieve different therapeutic effects when treating different patients. Different gene mutations can also make the effects of chemotherapy and targeted therapy of drugs very different.

For example, the efficacy of platinum-based two-drug regimen with paclitaxel plus cisplatin is only 25% to 45%, which means that at least 60% of patients do not benefit from the platinum-based two-drug regimen; if there is no EGFR gene mutation, but the ERCC1 gene is lowly expressed, the patient may benefit from the platinum-based chemotherapy regimen. Even targeted drugs such as Iressa and Tarceva need to be based on EGFR gene mutation to target the beneficiary population, and the rate of this gene mutation is only 20% in Europe and 30% in China. 70% of patients without EGFR gene mutation cannot benefit from targeted therapy.

In fact, lung cancer patients can obtain pathology through lung puncture, thoracoscopy, mediastinoscopy and other methods, and avoid ineffective waste of up to hundreds of thousands of yuan through genetic testing that costs less than a thousand yuan.