In what cases does pancreatic cancer require surgical removal

Early pancreatic cancer can be treated with timely surgical resection of the lesion to prolong survival; borderline pancreatic cancer can be treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy first, followed by surgical resection; and palliative surgical resection can be chosen for advanced pancreatic cancer when compression symptoms or persistent pain symptoms occur.

Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant cancer that requires timely treatment to effectively prolong survival. Surgery is a common method of treating this disease. So, in what cases does pancreatic cancer need to be removed surgically?
1. Early pancreatic cancer can be surgically removed . If pancreatic cancer is still in the early stages and has not metastasized, surgery can be performed in a timely manner to remove the lesion and prolong survival. If necessary, postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy can also be performed to reduce the recurrence rate.
2. Borderline pancreatic cancer can be surgically removed <br/>When pancreatic cancer develops to the middle stage and has metastasized but not to distant organs, surgical removal can also be chosen. However, the effect will be better if the surgery is performed after preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
3. Palliative surgery is possible for advanced pancreatic cancer
1. Compression symptoms appear <br/>Although pancreatic cancer has developed to the late stage, because the pancreatic tumor is relatively large and compresses the duodenum, causing obstruction and affecting the circulation of bile, surgical resection can be chosen to relieve obstructive jaundice.
2. There are persistent pain symptoms <br/>When persistent pain occurs in the late stage of pancreatic cancer, resection of the sympathetic ganglion or celiac plexus can be an option to relieve pain and improve quality of life.