Can alcohol kill tetanus

Tetanus is an injection that can be given when we are young after being bumped, bitten or scratched by something. So when many people hear the term tetanus, their first reaction is that there must be some serious problem. Although everyone has only one-sided knowledge about tetanus, not all alcohol can kill tetanus. This is a question that many people are concerned about now.

Alcohol cannot kill tetanus bacteria and spores. Tetanus is an anaerobic bacillus. It is recommended that you rinse with hydrogen peroxide and inject tetanus vaccine, which can effectively produce antibodies.

Medication

Tetanus patients with a clear history of trauma and typical clinical manifestations can generally be diagnosed promptly. Therefore, whether the treatment is appropriate is the key to directly affecting the prognosis of tetanus. In the treatment of tetanus, thorough wound care, proper control of muscle spasms to prevent laryngospasm, and effective control of lung infection are of utmost importance.

1. Pathogen treatment

At this time, re-incision, exploration and drainage should be performed decisively. To ensure adequate drainage, the wound should be left open and not bandaged. It is best to soak or repeatedly rinse with 3% hydrogen peroxide solution to eliminate the anaerobic environment. Tetanus antitoxin serum can be used as a circular infiltration block around the wound. It is mainly used for deeper, larger, and severely infected wounds to neutralize the continuously produced exotoxins and prevent them from further binding to the nerves.

The treatment of tetanus-infected wounds should not be conservative. If spasms occur frequently and the disease progresses after wound treatment, the wound should be checked again for buried foreign bodies. If there is local tenderness or suspected deep foreign bodies, the wound should be opened and explored decisively.

Clinically, the condition is often relieved rapidly after thorough drainage. For severe and complex wounds that are difficult to drain completely, such as open fractures and severe intrauterine infection, if the condition still progresses significantly after short-term observation and treatment, surgical resection of the lesion or even amputation should be performed in a timely manner.

There are many cases in clinical practice where people died from severe tetanus simply for the sake of preserving their limbs. Therefore, the correct wound management plan should be determined as soon as possible together with the surgeon based on short-term observation of the clinical course of the disease and the condition of the wound. Clinical experience has fully confirmed that if the drainage lesions can be completely removed, the control of tetanus will be significantly accelerated. In addition, it should be noted that clinical wounds may not be consistent with the progression of the disease.

If no obvious trauma is found, or the infected lesion has been completely removed, but the clinical symptoms are still severe tetanus, and the condition does not improve after treatment. It is estimated that this may be related to the individual's extreme sensitivity to tetanus exotoxin, and symptom control should be strengthened.

(2) Application of tetanus antitoxin (TAT): Tetanus toxin is highly toxic. If it is processed to reduce its toxicity while retaining its immunogenicity, it is called tetanus toxoid. It is used to immunize horses to obtain equine tetanus antiserum (TAT). Tetanus immunoglobulin (human tetanus immunoglobulin) can also be prepared by directly collecting blood from volunteers after tetanus immunization injection.

Its main function is to neutralize free tetanus toxin, but it has no neutralizing effect on toxin that has already bound to nerve cells. For patients with severe wound infection and obvious symptoms, it should be used early after the onset of the disease, and the need for repeated application or additional local application should be determined based on the wound condition and the progression of the disease to neutralize the newly produced toxins. The dosage is generally not too large, usually 20,000 to 100,000 U, intravenous drip or intramuscular injection.

A skin test should be performed before use to avoid allergic reaction to xenogeneic serum. If the skin test is positive, desensitization injection will be performed. Starting with a 1:20 dilution of antiserum, 0.1 ml was injected subcutaneously. Thereafter, each injection was separated by 20 minutes. The antiserum dilution and injection method were as follows: 0.1 ml diluted at 1:10 for subcutaneous injection; 0.1 ml diluted at 1:1 for subcutaneous injection; 0.2 ml undiluted for intramuscular injection; 0.5 ml undiluted for intramuscular injection; and the remaining amount was injected completely for the last time, for a total of 6 injections.

In recent years, tetanus immune globulin (human tetanus immune globulin, HTIG) has been recommended. Preliminary reports show that its effect is better than TAT, it can be maintained in the blood for a longer time, and can avoid xenobiotic serum reactions. The commonly used dose is 3000U, injected intramuscularly in multiple locations in divided doses.