How to treat rectal tumor

How to treat rectal tumor? Rectal tumor is really very common in daily life. Its incidence rate is quite high among many tumors, and it can even be ranked in the top three. It can be seen how big a threat rectal tumor poses to people's health. When someone suffers from rectal tumor, it is always due to their own lack of medical knowledge, which leads to delays in treatment. The following introduces how to treat rectal tumor to help everyone learn more about rectal tumor.

For diseases like rectal tumors, surgery is the first choice. Because of the permanent artificial anus, it brings great inconvenience and severe mental burden to the patient's life, so that some patients would rather choose death than accept abdominal wall colostomy. Therefore, whether the anus can be preserved during surgical treatment of rectal tumors has become a major concern for patients.

Whether the anus can be saved depends mainly on the location of the tumor in the rectum and the surgical technique. Generally, when the tumor is located more than 5 cm to 6 cm away from the anal margin, anal preservation surgery can be performed under the premise of ensuring radical resection.

However, if the tumor is located within 5-6 cm from the anal margin, we must first ensure that the rectal tumor is cured. If the rectal tumor cannot be cured, then preserving the anus is meaningless. The patient's anus is saved, but his life is lost. This is putting the cart before the horse and the loss outweighs the gain. This is what clinical physicians often say to patients who cannot save the anus: "Save the life first, then the anus."

Of course, not all patients with rectal tumors cannot save their anuses. Anus-saving surgery is generally suitable for rectal cancer patients whose tumors are more than 5 cm to 6 cm away from the anal margin. Most clinicians believe that the preoperative examination distance is only for reference. The final decision is made after the rectum is fully freed, based on the early or late stage of the lesion, the degree of differentiation, the histological type, the patient's body shape, fatness, pelvic width, and ensuring sufficient safety length.

Generally speaking, patients with early-stage tumors can have anal preservation if the lower edge of the tumor is ≥2 cm from the anal verge; while patients with poor differentiation, mucinous adenocarcinoma, or tumors that have infiltrated more than 1/2 of the intestinal wall or the entire layer need to have anal preservation if the lower edge of the tumor is >5 cm from the anal verge. In general, anal preservation requires not reducing the survival rate, not increasing the local recurrence rate, and ensuring that the defecation control and defecation functions are intact or relatively intact.