Can testicular cancer be cured in the mid-term?

Testicular cancer is a very serious disease for men, but patients with this disease must receive proper treatment, so it is very important to understand the treatment methods for this disease. Most testicular cancers can be cured, but there will be some side effects during treatment, which depends on the type of treatment and varies from person to person. If testicular cancer is detected early, the treatment will be smooth, so there will be no major side effects during treatment, and the cure rate will be high. So, what are the methods for treating testicular cancer?

1. Orchiectomy is suitable for any type of testicular tumor. It is emphasized that radical orchiectomy should be performed through the inguinal route. The method is: the operation uses an oblique incision in the groin to reach the top of the scrotum, separate the spermatic cord, ligate and cut the spermatic cord and blood vessels at the internal inguinal ring, and then remove the testicle and its tumor. Simple orchiectomy often cannot achieve a thorough surgical removal effect, and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is required to achieve the purpose of radical cure. Patients who receive this treatment may worry that if one testicle is removed, it will affect their sexual ability and may cause infertility. However, men with only one healthy testicle can still have normal erections and produce sperm. Therefore, surgical removal of one testicle will not make the patient impotent or infertile. In addition, during the operation, the doctor can place an artificial testicle in the scrotum. The weight and feel of this artificial testicle are the same as those of a normal testicle, and people who are not aware of it cannot distinguish between an artificial testicle and a natural testicle by appearance. Some lymph nodes deep in the abdomen will also be removed. Although this surgery will not affect the patient's normal erection and orgasm, it can cause infertility because it may hinder ejaculation. Can testicular cancer be completely cured?

2. Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Since non-seminomatous germ cell tumors such as embryonal tumors and teratomas are not sensitive to radiation, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection should be performed after orchiectomy. Cases in stage I and II can be cured. There are many surgical methods, and different methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. It is advocated to use a median incision from the xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis for retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. The range of resection includes the upper limit to 2 cm above the bilateral renal pedicles and the renal pedicles, the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava around the iliac blood vessels and the upper 1/3 of the ipsilateral iliac blood vessels, both sides to the bilateral ureters and spermatic cords, and all lymph nodes, fat and pedicle tissue in the fascia around the ipsilateral kidney. Regarding the timing and operation of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, it is generally believed that:

① Operation time: performed at the same time as orchiectomy or two weeks later.

② Lymph nodes should be removed in anatomical order, and an en bloc removal should be performed.

③ When dissecting lymph nodes next to the large retroperitoneal blood vessels, be cautious and gentle to avoid damaging the large blood vessels, and do not over-twist the renal pedicle vessels.