Can I eat while doing a urine routine test?

Urinalysis is a very common test. It can detect many diseases. However, there are usually no food requirements for urine tests. You can eat. However, if you are menstruating, the urine test will be affected. In general, if you suspect kidney or urinary diseases, a urine test is usually required.

Urinalysis examination includes urine color, transparency, pH, red blood cells, white blood cells, epithelial cells, casts, protein, specific gravity and qualitative urine sugar.

1. Urine color test

When doing a routine urine test, the first way to determine whether the urine is normal is to use your eyesight. The normal color of urine is straw yellow. If the urine color is too dark or too light, it may be caused by factors such as food or medication.

2. Urine transparency test

Normally, the urine is clear and transparent. However, if the pH value of urine changes after being left for too long, the mucus protein, nucleoprotein, etc. in the urine will gradually precipitate and the urine will become slightly turbid.

3. Acidity and alkalinity

In a routine urine test, normal urine should be slightly acidic, but it may also be neutral or slightly alkaline due to the type of diet, medications taken, and type of disease.

4. Cell examination

The cells that are clinically important in urine are red blood cells, white blood cells and small round epithelial cells.

①Red blood cells. Red blood cells may occasionally be seen in normal human urine, with no more than 3 per high-power field of view after centrifugation. If there are a large number of red blood cells in the urine, it may be caused by kidney bleeding, urinary tract bleeding, renal congestion, etc. Vigorous exercise and blood circulation disorders can also lead to increased glomerular permeability, resulting in the appearance of protein and red blood cells in the urine.

②White blood cells. There are a small number of white blood cells in normal human urine, with no more than 5 per high-power field of view in centrifuged urine. When abnormal, the urine contains a large number of white blood cells, indicating that there are suppurative lesions in the urinary tract, such as pyelonephritis, cystitis and urethritis.

③Small round epithelial cells. In normal urine, a few small round epithelial cells with fatty degeneration can sometimes be found. In case of glomerulonephritis, the number of epithelial cells in the urine increases. If there is a lesion in the renal tubules, many small round epithelial cells may appear.

5. Tube type inspection

Normal urine has no casts, or occasionally contains a few transparent casts, and contains only very small amounts of albumin.

6. Protein test

Normal people generally excrete a relatively small amount of protein every day, and routine qualitative tests in urine examinations are usually negative.

7. Specific gravity check

Urine specific gravity is affected by age, water intake, and sweating. The level of urine specific gravity can reveal certain information about reproductive infections.

8. Qualitative test of urine sugar

Normal urine contains trace amounts of glucose and the qualitative test is negative. Positive urine sugar may indicate a certain disease.

Anyone who has done a routine urine test should know that the most important thing for urine testing is to use morning urine. Because people are asleep at night and drink less water. The daytime diet passes through the kidneys and the various components in the urine are stored and concentrated in the bladder, so the qualitative detection of urine sugar can be easily done in the morning urine. If it is urine from other time periods, collect the midstream urine.