7 common primary bone cancers

Bone tumors can be roughly divided into two categories: primary and secondary. Specifically, they can be divided into benign bone tumors, giant cell tumors of bone, primary malignant bone tumors, metastatic bone tumors, and bone tumor-like lesions. Primary malignant bone tumors can be divided into the following seven categories:

1. Osteosarcoma

It is common in adolescents at the distal end of long bones, with obvious local pain, especially at night. Chemotherapy + surgical treatment can improve the 5-year survival rate.

2. Chondrosarcoma

It often occurs in the long bones and ilium of adults over 30 years old. It develops slowly, and the pain symptoms gradually worsen. Surgical treatment is the main treatment.

3. Fibrosarcoma of bone

A rare type of bone cancer that usually develops in the femur. The main symptoms are pain and swelling. Treatment is surgical removal or amputation.

4. Ewing sarcoma

It is common in children's long bones and ilium, and is characterized by progressively worsening pain and swelling. The treatment is mainly a combination of radiotherapy + chemotherapy + surgery.

5. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Also known as reticular cell tumor, it has a good prognosis and is more common in middle-aged people around 50 years old. Pathological fractures often occur. Treatment is mainly radiotherapy and chemotherapy, supplemented by surgery.

6. Myeloma

It often occurs in the spine, pelvis and ribs of men around 40 years old. The prognosis is poor. The initial symptoms are back pain, and in the later stages there are anemia and cachexia. Treatment is mainly radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

7. Chordoma

It is a malignant tumor originating from residual embryonic notochord tissue. It only occurs in the spine and skull base. Treatment is mainly surgical and chemotherapy is ineffective.