What are the metastatic pathways of renal cancer

Kidney cancer is a cancerous disease that occurs in the kidneys. Kidney cancer, also known as renal cell carcinoma or renal adenocarcinoma, originates from renal tubular epithelial cells and can occur in any part of the renal parenchyma. The metastasis of kidney cancer varies greatly. Some tumors are large but have no metastasis, while some tumors are very small but have distant metastasis. So what are the metastatic pathways of kidney cancer?

There are three ways in which kidney cancer can metastasize.

1. Hematogenous metastasis

Cancer invades the renal vein, causing cancer thrombus to form in the vein, which can metastasize to the lungs, liver, bones, etc. At the same time, the cancer thrombus can extend from the renal vein to the internal spermatic vein (clavicular vein), or the ovary and internal vaginal vein, causing metastasis to the spermatic cord, epididymis, broad ligament of the uterus, vagina, labia, etc. The incidence of cancer cells metastasizing to the renal vein and inferior vena cava is 20% and 10% respectively.

2. Lymphatic metastasis

About 15% to 30% of kidney cancer metastasizes via the lymphatic pathway. On the left side, it metastasizes to the renal pedicle, preaortic and left lymph nodes, and on the right side, it affects the renal hilum, pre-inferior vena cava lymph nodes, and lymph nodes between the aorta and the inferior vena artery. It can also metastasize to the neck, causing cervical lymph node enlargement.

3. Direct dissemination

Direct spread can pass through the renal capsule to the surrounding tissues or invade the renal vein and the inferior vena cava. If the renal pelvis is invaded, hematuria may occur clinically. At the same time, renal cancer can also invade the surrounding tissues such as the colon, pancreas, adrenal glands, peritoneum, liver, spleen, etc.

Through the above explanation, we know the metastatic pathways of kidney cancer. I believe everyone has a certain understanding of the metastatic pathways of kidney cancer. If you have symptoms of suspected kidney cancer, you must go to a relevant regular hospital for diagnosis and treatment in time. I hope this article can help you or your friends. This article is for reference only. If you have other questions about kidney cancer, please consult our experts online.

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