Where is the gallbladder located in the body

People often say: "Evil comes from the courage." Or: "You don't have the courage." In fact, people say these ancient sayings only because they hear them from others. Few people know where the gallbladder is; they only know that it is a part of the human body. The gallbladder is actually an organ that stores bile. The gallbladder actually stores bile through its concentration function, and bile promotes digestion.

The gallbladder is connected to the liver. Baihutong said.

"Fu" means the government office that stores government funds. The gallbladder is the home of the liver, and the liver governs benevolence. A kind person cannot be merciful. Therefore, it is determined by courage. A benevolent person must also be brave. Su Wen said. The gallbladder is the official of justice. The decision comes from here.

The gallbladder is located in the right upper abdomen, below the liver.

It is attached to the gallbladder fossa of the liver and communicates with the common bile duct through the cystic duct. It is pear-shaped, about 7 to 9 cm long and 2.2 to 3.5 cm wide, with a volume of 30 to 50 ml, and is divided into three parts: base, body, and neck. The base is free, the body is located in the gallbladder bed on the visceral surface of the liver, and the neck is sac-like, where stones are often embedded. The cystic duct is about 2 to 4 cm long and 0.3 cm in diameter. It contains spiral mucosal folds that regulate the inflow and outflow of bile. The cystic duct and its opening vary greatly and are often easily damaged during surgery.

form

1. The anatomical position of the gallbladder: The gallbladder is connected to the liver and attached to the short lobes of the liver. The liver and gallbladder are also connected by meridians.

Snake Gallbladder

2. The morphology and structure of the gallbladder: The gallbladder is a hollow sac-like organ. The bile stored in the gallbladder is a pure, clean, bitter and yellow-green juice. Therefore, the gallbladder is known as "the organ of essence" (Lingshu·Ben Zang), "the organ of purity" (Qianjin Yaofang), and "the organ of clarity" (Nanjing·Sanshiwu Nan).

Function

Stores concentrated bile

During digestion, the common bile duct sphincter contracts and the gallbladder expands through neural regulation, creating a pressure gradient in the bile duct. The bile secretion pressure is 2.933 KPa (22 mmHg), the common bile duct hydrostatic pressure is 1.46 KPa (11 mmHg), and the gallbladder pressure is 0.400~0.933 KPa (3~7 mmHg). Bile from the liver enters the gallbladder due to the pressure difference. Bile storage mainly occurs at night when the stomach is fasting, but the sphincter is not completely closed and some bile still enters the small intestine. It is reported that only 50% of bile enters the gallbladder when the stomach is fasting.

The gallbladder has a volume of about 50 ml and increases the storage of bile through its concentrating function. By absorbing 90% of the water in bile, about 500 ml of bile can be stored, in which most of the bile acid pool is stored. Studies have shown that the absorption of sodium chloride by the gallbladder mucosa against the electrochemical gradient is the action of the sodium pump, which in turn produces an osmotic pressure difference, absorbs water, and thus concentrates the bile 5 to 20 times.

The gallbladder mucosa can absorb free bilirubin, free bile acids and lecithin, but the absorption of cholesterol is very limited. It has almost no absorption effect on conjugated bilirubin and conjugated bile acids.

The gallbladder contrast agent is secreted into the hepatic bile by hepatocytes and is not absorbed after entering the gallbladder. After concentration, the gallbladder can be visualized under X-rays. When the gallbladder's concentrating function is impaired or the cystic duct is blocked, the gallbladder will not be visualized. Damage to the gallbladder mucosa increases contrast agent absorption and is also a factor in the lack of gallbladder visualization. The pH value of gallbladder bile is lower than that of liver bile, which is the result of H+ secretion and H+-Na+ exchange by the gallbladder mucosa. It is also possible that the gallbladder mucosa absorbs HCO3-, acidifying the gallbladder bile.