What are the clinical manifestations of pleomorphic adenoma

Parotid mixed tumor is also called pleomorphic adenoma. We have heard of it in crosstalk. The famous crosstalk actor Yue Yunpeng suffered from parotid mixed tumor. It is the most common benign tumor in the oral and maxillofacial region. It is more common in young and middle-aged people. Generally, there are no autonomous symptoms and the growth is relatively slow. Once the growth rate is faster, it should be taken seriously and surgical treatment should be performed in time.

Clinical manifestations

The tumor often appears as a firm mass in the subauricular area with a nodular surface, clear boundaries, medium hardness, no adhesion to surrounding tissues, mobility, and no tenderness. If a tumor shows any of the following conditions, the possibility of malignancy should be considered:

1. The tumor suddenly grows rapidly;

2. Reduced mobility or even fixed;

3. Pain or facial paralysis on the same side occurs. The tumor is located below the earlobe and, if large, extends toward the neck. The tumor is hard and nodular, sometimes part of it becomes cystic, with softer nodules in between. The tumor has no adhesion to the skin or underlying tissue and can be moved; it grows slowly and may not change for several years or more than ten years. If malignant transformation occurs, the tumor often grows suddenly and rapidly, and becomes fixed to the surrounding tissues. Late-stage malignant tumors may rupture, causing symptoms such as pain or facial nerve paralysis, and may metastasize to lymph nodes in the lateral neck area.

treat

The principle of treatment for parotid mixed tumor is complete surgical resection. The tumor capsule is often incomplete, and sometimes tumor cells can invade the capsule or extracapsular tissue. If the tumor is not completely removed, it will recur. Therefore, during surgery, it is not appropriate to simply remove the tumor, but rather the tumor and the surrounding parotid gland tissue should be removed together. Pay attention to protecting the facial nerve during the operation. If there is malignant transformation, it should be treated according to the treatment principles of malignant tumors.

diagnosis

The diagnosis of parotid mixed tumor is based on a comprehensive medical history and a local physical examination. CT scans are required before surgery, and final pathological examination is required for confirmation. Biopsy is generally not recommended before surgery.