How to prevent the sequelae of cerebral infarction?

Various diseases in modern life are very harmful to people, especially brain diseases, which have the greatest impact on middle-aged and elderly people and are one of the biggest causes of health problems for them. For example, cerebral infarction is a relatively serious brain disease. This disease has a great impact on people's lives, especially middle-aged and elderly people who are prone to coma, confusion and other symptoms after suffering a cerebral infarction. Therefore, cerebral infarction must be treated in a timely manner and all methods must be used to prevent the occurrence of sequelae. Let's take a look at how to prevent the sequelae of cerebral infarction? How to regulate it? I hope everyone can understand.

Sequelae of cerebral infarction refer to the existence of hemiplegia, language disorders, facial paralysis and other symptoms one year after the onset of cerebral infarction. This period is also called the sequelae period of cerebral infarction. Compared with the recovery period, the recovery speed and degree are slower. The main sequelae of cerebral infarction include hemiplegia (hemiplegia), hemilimb disorder, limb numbness, hemianopsia, and aphasia. If a cerebral infarction occurs, the following nursing measures can be taken to prevent the occurrence of sequelae:

(1) Dietary care. Patients should be given high-calorie, easily digestible liquid food; those who cannot swallow should be given nasogastric feeding. Nasogastric feeding food can be milk, rice soup, vegetable soup, meat soup and fruit juice, etc. In addition, milk, eggs, starch, vegetable juice, etc. can be mixed together to make a porridge-like mixed milk and fed to the patient through nasogastric feeding. The nasogastric feeding volume is 200-350 ml each time, 4-5 times a day. During nasogastric feeding, the patient's meals should be cleaned and disinfected.

(2) Keep the respiratory tract open to prevent colds. Patients in long-term coma have low body resistance, so it is important to keep them warm to prevent them from catching a chill. No matter what lying position the patient takes, his face should be turned to one side to facilitate the drainage of respiratory secretions; when the patient has sputum or secretions and vomit in the mouth, it should be sucked out or picked out in time; every time the patient's position is turned over, gently tap the patient's back to prevent the occurrence of aspiration or aspiration pneumonia.

(3) Prevent bedsores. One of the sequelae of comatose patients due to cerebral infarction is bedsores. The most fundamental way to prevent bedsores is to turn the patient over regularly, generally once every 2 to 3 hours. In addition, wet sheets, quilts and clothes should be replaced promptly. Now let me introduce: the method of turning the patient over (taking placing the patient in the left side lying position as an example): the first step is for the family member to stand on the right side of the patient, first make the patient lie flat, and then flex the patient's lower limbs; the second step is for the family member to put the left arm under the patient's waist, the right arm under the patient's thigh, then lift the patient and move him to the right side (family member's side), then put the left hand under the patient's shoulder, the right hand under the waist, lift and move to the right side; the third step is to turn the patient's head, neck, and torso to the left at the same time, that is, the left side lying position; finally, put a pillow on the patient's back and head to support his turning position and make the patient comfortable.