How to treat lung inflammation

Inflammation of the lungs, also known as pneumonia, can be caused by many reasons, the most common of which is bacterial pneumonia, that is, the symptoms of pneumonia caused by bacterial infection. The most common one is the invasion of bacteria through the mouth or nasal cavity. At this time, people's immunity is often poor, thus inducing infection. The more common ones are otitis media, colds, sinusitis, meningitis, etc. There are many treatments for pneumonia. First of all, we should focus on drug treatment and actively carry out anti-inflammatory and bactericidal work. In addition, hypoxemia should be corrected to avoid lung failure.

1. Oxygen therapy

It is one of the main therapies for correcting hypoxemia and preventing respiratory failure and pulmonary and cerebral edema. Therefore, oxygen should be given promptly when there are signs of hypoxia. The most commonly used method is to continue oxygen inhalation through a nasal vestibular catheter until the hypoxia disappears. For newborns or patients with excessive nasal secretions, as well as those whose hypoxia symptoms are not relieved after oxygen administration through nasal catheter, oxygen can be administered using a mask, nasal congestion, hood or oxygen tent. Too high oxygen concentration, too large flow rate, or too long duration can easily lead to adverse side effects, such as diffuse pulmonary fibrosis or retrolental fibrosis. When severe hypoxia causes respiratory failure, intermittent positive pressure oxygen or continuous positive pressure oxygen should be given by a ventilator in a timely manner to improve ventilation function.

2. Antimicrobial treatment

Antibiotics are mainly used for bacterial pneumonia, mycoplasma pneumonia, chlamydial pneumonia and viral pneumonia with secondary bacterial infection. Before treatment, culture and drug sensitivity test of pharyngeal secretions, blood and thoracentesis fluid should be performed to facilitate targeted selection of effective drugs. When the pathogen is unknown and for children who have not been treated with antibiotics, penicillin should be the first choice, 200,000 to 400,000 units each time, injected intramuscularly twice a day until the body temperature returns to normal 5 to 7 days later. For severe cases, the dose can be increased 2 to 3 times and administered intravenously.

3. Patients who are young or have serious conditions need to be treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics.

Ampicillin can be used, 50-100 mg/kg per day, divided into two intramuscular or intravenous injections, plus gentamicin or kanamycin. Children who are not well responded to penicillin or are allergic to penicillin should be given erythromycin instead, 15-30 mg/kg per day, diluted with 10% glucose solution to 0.5-1 mg/ml, and given by intravenous drip in 2 doses. If Staphylococcus aureus infection is suspected, penicillin II, III plus gentamicin or chloramphenicol can be used. Vancomycin and vancomycin can also be used.