How to better treat coronary artery sclerosis?

Coronary artery sclerosis has an impact on the health of many patients, especially the elderly. If it is not effectively addressed, the side effects will be more harmful. It is recommended to use some drugs correctly, such as nitrate preparations and calcium channel blockers.

1. Nitrate preparations: They have the effect of dilating veins and relaxing arteries, reducing the heart's preload and afterload, and lowering myocardial oxygen consumption; at the same time, they redistribute blood to the myocardium, which is beneficial to the perfusion of the myocardium in the ischemic area. Representative drugs include nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate, etc.

2. β-blockers: They can block excessive catecholamines from exciting β-receptors, thereby slowing down the heart rate, weakening myocardial contractility and speed, and lowering blood pressure, thereby significantly reducing myocardial oxygen consumption; this drug can also increase blood supply to the ischemic area, improve myocardial metabolism, inhibit platelet function, etc., so it is a commonly used drug for patients with various types of angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, etc. At the same time, beta-blockers are currently the only relatively proven drugs for secondary prevention of acute myocardial infarction. It has been proven that beta-blockers reduce the cardiac mortality rate, sudden death rate and reinfarction rate in survivors of infarction.

3. Calcium antagonists: They block voltage-sensitive L-type calcium channels non-competitively, allowing calcium to enter cells through slow channels on the cell membrane, thereby reducing the influx of calcium and inhibiting calcium from passing through the myocardium and smooth muscle membrane, thereby reducing myocardial oxygen consumption and improving myocardial efficiency; reducing ventricular load; and directly protecting ischemic myocardium. At the same time, this drug can increase myocardial blood supply to the ischemic area, inhibit platelet aggregation, and promote the production and release of endogenous nitric oxide, among other pharmacological effects. It is currently an important drug for the clinical treatment of coronary heart disease.

4. Lipid-lowering drugs, anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs: They start from the pathogenesis to slow down or alleviate the occurrence of atherosclerosis and stabilize plaques, and ultimately increase myocardial oxygen supply.

5. Other coronary artery dilators: such as dipyridamole, molsidomide, nicorandil, etc.