What are the dangers of skin verrucous carcinoma

Skin wart carcinoma is actually a rare squamous cell carcinoma. Although it rarely metastasizes, the harm it causes is relatively large. Common manifestations include oral wart carcinoma, genital and anal wart carcinoma, or plantar wart carcinoma.

1. Oral verrucous carcinoma

Also known as oral cauliflower papillomatosis, it was first reported by Ackeman in 1948. This disease is rare, accounting for only 4% to 9% of oral malignant tumors. Its occurrence is associated with chewing tobacco, betel quid, poor oral hygiene and improper dental implants. It often occurs in elderly men, and the clinical manifestations are white cauliflower-like lesions, and the gums may also be affected. It can also invade the cheek and/or jawbone.

2. Verrucous carcinoma of external genitalia and anus

Also known as giant condyloma acuminatum. Most cases are caused by HPV6 or HPV11, which accounts for 5% to 25% of penile malignancies. The lesions are cauliflower-like and papilloma-like proliferations, most commonly on the glans penis and uncircumcised foreskin in men, and eventually invade the urethra. It is also seen in the vulva and anus, where it may form ulcers and fistulas. Often emits a foul smell.

3. Plantar Verrucous Carcinoma

Also known as excavating epithelioma. The skin lesions initially resemble difficult-to-treat plantar warts, which are raised plaques that grow deep into the tissues, forming many deep depressions filled with keratin and pus. The tumor may eventually penetrate the plantar fascia and even destroy the surrounding bone and invade the skin of the dorsum of the foot.

4. Inspection

Histopathological examination of the lesions showed that the superficial part of the tumor was generally similar to warts, showing hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, and acanthosis. The keratinocytes are well-differentiated, pale eosinophilic, and have small nuclei. The deep part of the tumor is invading the dermis in the form of wide cords from the well-differentiated squamous epithelium, and the front end grows in a spherical shape to form a characteristic compression border. There is often a keratin-filled cyst in the center, which forms a sinus tract when there is necrosis. Cell atypia and mitosis are rare.