What are the symptoms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is more common in men, but because the disease poses a greater threat to life, it is important to detect it in time and take timely treatment measures. Common patients will experience symptoms such as difficulty breathing, angina pectoris, or palpitations, dizziness, and may be at risk of sudden death.

1. Symptoms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: the main pathological change is asymmetric progressive myocardial hypertrophy. There are more males than females in clinical cases, and the symptoms of female patients appear earlier and are more severe. Most patients can survive for decades, so the prognosis is good. Among deaths, 50% are sudden deaths.

2. Symptoms of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

The main pathological change is asymmetric progressive myocardial hypertrophy. According to the location and degree of myocardial hypertrophy, it is divided into two types:

(1) Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy is mainly caused by ventricular septal hypertrophy, which leads to outflow tract obstruction.

(2) Myocardial hypertrophy without outflow tract obstruction is called hypertrophic non-obstructive cardiomyopathy. The main clinical manifestations are dyspnea, angina pectoris, syncope, palpitations, fatigue, cardiomegaly, and coarse systolic ejection murmurs at the apex and the 3rd and 4th intercostal spaces on the left side of the sternum. The disease is distributed worldwide and can be familial or sporadic. There are more males than females in clinical cases, and the symptoms of female patients appear earlier and are more severe. Most patients can survive for decades, so the prognosis is good. Among deaths, 50% are sudden deaths.

3. Clinical manifestations

1. Dyspnea, angina pectoris, syncope, palpitations, fatigue, dizziness, and sudden death may occur; 2. Strong apex beat, systolic thrill at the apex or along the 3rd and 4th intercostal space on the left side of the sternum, the heart expands to the lower left, the second heart sound is split, the third and fourth heart sounds are heard, and a rough systolic jet murmur is heard at the apex and between the 3rd and 4th intercostal spaces on the left side of the sternum.