How to treat liver spots on the face?

Liver spots are actually what people often call chloasma, which is an acquired hyperpigmentation skin disease. Liver spots are more common in women and also affect women's bodies. Many people want to know how to treat liver spots on their face. For the problem of liver spots on the face, you can first apply local medication.

1. Topical medication

Liver spots are a difficult-to-treat pigmentation and hyperpigmentation skin disease that often occurs on the face. The cause of the disease is still unclear, and it may be related to genetics, endocrine system, pregnancy, sunlight, etc. Recently, it has been found that the occurrence of this disease is related to microecological balance, metabolic abnormalities and inferior cosmetics. There is currently no specific treatment, and topical depigmentation or depigmentation preparations are the most effective way to treat increased melanin in the epidermis. But it can only control, not eradicate the liver spots.

It usually disappears within 2 to 4 weeks without causing any systemic damage.

2. Retinoic acid

Retinoic acid can reduce pigmentation spots caused by photoaging and inhibit the synthesis of tyrosine, thereby inhibiting the production of melanin. In clinical practice, 0.1% retinoic acid cream is often used for external application twice a day. It takes effect for about 24 weeks. Side effects include erythema and desquamation, and some patients may develop contact dermatitis. However, this adverse reaction does not affect the therapeutic effect and gradually disappears during continued treatment.

3. Laser treatment

Laser treatment for melasma is only suitable when other treatments are ineffective, because the effect of laser treatment for melasma is not significant (it can cause pigmentation, scarring, and atrophy). Therefore, the principle of choosing laser treatment is to minimize the damage to normal pigmentation. Q-switched alexandrite laser can be used to treat melasma, especially for female patients, but it is prone to recurrence. Nouri et al. used Q-switched laser and then pulsed laser to destroy melanocytes and reduce epidermal melanin, thus achieving good results in treating dermal melasma. The effect of combined treatment with ultrapulsed carbon dioxide laser and Q-switched alexandrite laser is better than that of Q-switched alexandrite laser alone.