Is there a cure for gastric bleeding? What is the method?

Although gastrointestinal diseases can cause great trouble in our lives and some symptoms can be unbearable for patients, except for very serious malignant tumors, other stomach diseases can be cured. For example, gastric bleeding can be completely cured as long as the right method is used. Therefore, patients should not be too pessimistic. They should go to the hospital immediately to have a doctor check them and then develop a treatment plan based on their condition.

1. General treatment

In case of heavy bleeding, the patient should lie flat with the lower limbs raised and the head turned to the side to avoid suffocation caused by blood reflux when vomiting large amounts of blood. Oxygen inhalation and fasting should be adopted if necessary. If there is a small amount of bleeding, the patient can take liquid food appropriately. Morphine and barbiturates should be avoided for patients with liver disease. Nursing should be strengthened, blood pressure, pulse, bleeding volume and hourly urine output should be recorded, intravenous access should be maintained, and central venous pressure measurement and electrocardiogram monitoring should be performed when necessary.

2. Replenish blood volume

When hemoglobin is lower than 70g/L and systolic blood pressure is lower than 90mmHg, sufficient whole blood should be transfused immediately. People with cirrhosis should receive fresh blood transfusions. Infusion should be started quickly, but the elderly and patients with heart failure should not receive too much or too fast transfusion, otherwise it may cause pulmonary edema. It is best to monitor central venous pressure. If blood supply is difficult, dextran or other plasma substitutes can be given.

3. Hemostasis measures

(1) Drug treatment ① In recent years, the most effective drug for peptic ulcer is the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole.

H2 receptor antagonists cimetidine or ranitidine, or ranitidine are also commonly used in primary hospitals. The above three drugs are all taken orally after the bleeding stops after 3 to 5 days of use. For bleeding from peptic ulcer and erosive gastritis, 8 mg of norepinephrine can be added to 100 ml of ice saline and taken orally or by nasogastric tube drip. Thrombin can also be used orally. Thrombin must be freshly prepared for clinical use, and H2 receptor antagonists or omeprazole must be given at the same time to allow the drug to take effect. ② When esophageal and gastric fundus varicose veins rupture and bleed, posterior pituitary hormone is a commonly used drug, but its effect time is short, so it is recommended to use it in small doses. It is not suitable for people with hypertension, coronary heart disease or pregnant women. Some advocate taking nitroglycerin or isosorbide dinitrate sublingually at the same time. Since the 1980s, somatostatin has been used and has a good hemostatic effect on upper gastrointestinal bleeding. There are almost no serious adverse reactions for short-term use, but it is more expensive.

(2) Three-chamber balloon tube compression hemostasis

Suitable for esophageal and gastric varicose vein rupture and bleeding. If the drug hemostatic effect is not good, it can be considered. This method has an obvious immediate hemostatic effect, but the technical operating procedures must be strictly followed to ensure the hemostatic effect and prevent complications such as suffocation and aspiration pneumonia.

(3) Endoscopic hemostasis

For patients with portal hypertension and bleeding, the following options can be adopted: ① emergency esophageal varicose vein ligation; ② injection of tissue glue or sclerosant such as ethoxysclerosant, sodium morrhuate, etc. It is generally recommended to use H2 receptor antagonists or omeprazole after injection to reduce ulcers and bleeding caused by gastric acid after sclerosant injection; for non-portal hypertension bleeding, you can take ① local injection of 1/10000 epinephrine saline; ② use APC electrocoagulation to stop bleeding; ③ vascular clamp (titanium clip) to stop bleeding.

In life, most patients with gastric bleeding have some bad living habits, especially some male patients, who may have the bad habit of alcoholism. Drinking a lot of alcohol every day will definitely damage your stomach and intestines, so it is not surprising to suffer from gastric bleeding. Therefore, if you want to prevent gastric bleeding, you must quickly correct your bad habits.