What are the symptoms and causes of bladder cancer?

What are the symptoms and causes of bladder cancer?

The cause of bladder cancer is not fully understood, and may be related to genetic factors, environmental factors, dietary factors, etc. Patients may experience symptoms such as painless macroscopic hematuria, bladder irritation symptoms, dysuria, urinary retention, and upper urinary tract obstruction.

1. Reasons

1. Genetic factors

If there is an elder in the family who has bladder cancer, the chances of their offspring developing bladder cancer will be higher than that of their normal peers.

2. Environmental factors

If the human body is exposed to aromatic amine chemical carcinogens for a long time, it will also increase the incidence of bladder cancer.

3. Dietary factors

Frequent contact with contaminated water and food or eating moldy or rotten food may cause bladder cancer.

2. Symptoms

1. Painless gross hematuria

The first symptom of most bladder cancer patients is painless, gross hematuria. The hematuria is usually intermittent, with relatively long intervals at first and becoming shorter and shorter as the disease progresses.

2. Bladder irritation symptoms

Bladder cancer may cause bladder irritation symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, and pain when urinating, which are common clinical features of bladder cancer patients.

3. Difficulty urinating

If the tumor of a bladder cancer patient grows near the bladder neck or bladder trigone, the tumor will gradually increase in size, causing compression on the surrounding tissues and easily causing difficulty in urination.

4. Urinary retention

When necrotic tumor tissue, blood clots, etc. of bladder cancer patients fall off and block the bladder neck, it can easily cause urinary retention.

5. Upper urinary tract obstruction

Bladder cancer may also block the ureteral opening, causing upper urinary tract obstruction. Due to ureteral dilatation and hydronephrosis, patients experience low back pain. As the disease progresses, renal function will be impaired.

Bladder cancer may also be associated with factors such as smoking, chronic infection, pelvic radiotherapy, and patients may also experience symptoms such as tumor bone metastasis and liver metastasis. Once patients are diagnosed with bladder cancer, they need to receive treatment as soon as possible. If the disease is staged earlier, the long-term survival rate is higher.