How to treat ovarian teratoma

How is ovarian teratoma treated?

Malignant teratomas are huge and widely infiltrated. If clinically judged to be unresectable, preoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy can be used to reduce the tumor, and then extend the radical surgery, which has a positive significance for improving the surgical resection rate and preserving important organs. Preoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy can also relieve tumor compression, control metastatic lesions, and strive for the opportunity of surgery. Ovarian teratomas are benign teratomas and malignant teratomas. Benign teratomas are mature teratomas, and malignant teratomas are immature. In this case, the diagnosis can only be confirmed through pathological examination.

During the B-ultrasound, if you see a teratoma in the ovary, you must have surgery as soon as possible. During the operation, a quick pathological examination can be performed during the operation. If the pathology is a mature teratoma, it means it is benign. As long as the tumor is removed, you will recover. However, if it is an immature teratoma, it is malignant. If there is no requirement for fertility, a total hysterectomy plus bilateral oophorectomy is required. If it is more serious, the greater omentum or appendectomy will also need to be removed. Based on the pathological results after the operation, determine whether chemotherapy is needed in the next step.

Ovarian teratoma is a common ovarian germ cell tumor, which is common in women of childbearing age and accounts for about 15% of primary ovarian tumors, of which 95% to 98% are benign mature teratomas, and only 2% to 5% are malignant teratomas. Mature cystic teratomas are common in women of childbearing age around 30 years old. The clinical symptoms are non-specific, mainly manifested as pelvic masses. 25% of patients are discovered accidentally. 10% of patients experience acute abdominal pain due to tumor rupture, torsion or bleeding. The ultrasound diagnosis rate is high, and unilateral ovarian cyst space-occupying can usually be seen. Typical sonographic images include dough sign, wall nodule sign and Darren structure sign. Serological examinations may show mild elevation of cardiac CA199, AFP, etc., and complications include torsion, rupture and infection.