What are the examination items for testicular cancer

Testicular cancer is a serious male disease that mainly occurs in young and middle-aged people. Its incidence rate is not high, about one in 100,000. Testicular cancer poses a great threat to the patient's physical health and reproductive function. Therefore, the treatment of testicular cancer is crucial, and the examination of testicular cancer cannot be ignored. So what tests can detect testicular cancer? Today, let's discuss with you what are the examination items for testicular cancer.

The main examination items for testicular cancer are as follows:

Ⅰ. Ultrasound: B-ultrasound examination can accurately distinguish the size, shape, and presence of lumps of the testicles. It can also distinguish whether the swollen testicles are caused by inflammation, tissue edema, or tumors. It can also detect whether there are metastatic tumors behind the peritoneum.

II. Symptom examination: Testicular tumors have no obvious symptoms in the early stage. The typical clinical manifestation is a gradually enlarging painless mass. Half of the patients often feel that the testicles are heavy, and sometimes feel a pulling sensation in the scrotum, lower abdomen, or groin. This is obvious when jumping or running. After standing for too long or being tired, local symptoms will worsen with a feeling of falling or mild pain. The pain will be aggravated when there is an accidental collision or squeezing. Some patients often have symptoms similar to acute orchitis or epididymitis. After anti-inflammatory treatment, although the inflammation has been controlled, there is a mass that does not disappear. At this time, you should be alert to the possibility of testicular tumors.

III. Biopsy: A biopsy is the only test that can confirm the presence of cancer. In most cases, when doing a biopsy, the doctor makes an incision in the groin and removes the entire affected testicle. This procedure is called a radical inguinal orchiectomy.

IV. Tumor marker determination: Tumor markers are antigens and other biologically active substances generated by tumor cells during the process of carcinogenesis due to the expression of oncogenes. They can be detected in the body fluids and excreta of tumor patients, but are not produced or produced very little in normal tissues or benign diseases.

V. Other examinations: In addition to examining the scrotum, other parts of the body should also be carefully examined, especially the abdomen for lumps, the liver for enlargement, the lower limbs for edema, and the supraclavicular lymph nodes for enlargement.

Finally, I would like to remind all male friends to have regular physical examinations, detect problems early and seek treatment early, so as to keep the body in a healthy state.