What is the cause of thyroid cancer

What is the cause of thyroid cancer? The occurrence of thyroid cancer will not only seriously endanger the patient's health, but also affect the patient's image, so the harm to the patient is unimaginable. If you want to better treat thyroid cancer, you need to understand the cause of the disease and treat it accordingly. So what is the cause of thyroid cancer?

1. Radiation damage

Irradiating the thyroid gland of experimental mice with X-rays can cause thyroid cancer in animals. Experiments have shown that the metabolism of 131∧苁顾辫聪聪傧往 changes, the cell nucleus deforms, and the synthesis of thyroid hormone is greatly reduced. It can be seen that radiation can cause abnormal division of thyroid cells, leading to cancer; on the other hand, it can damage the thyroid gland and prevent it from producing endocrine hormones. The resulting large amount of secretion of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) can also promote thyroid cell cancer.

Clinically, many facts show that the occurrence of thyroid cancer is related to the effects of radiation. It is particularly noteworthy that children who have received upper mediastinum or neck radiotherapy for thymus enlargement or lymphadenopathy in infancy are more likely to develop thyroid cancer. This is because the cells of children and adolescents proliferate vigorously, and radiation is an additional stimulus that can easily promote the formation of tumors. It is rare for adults to develop thyroid cancer after receiving neck radiotherapy.

(ii) Other thyroid diseases

Clinically, there are reports of thyroid adenocarcinoma, chronic thyroiditis, nodular goiter or certain toxic goiters becoming cancerous, but the relationship between these thyroid lesions and thyroid cancer is still difficult to confirm. Taking thyroid adenoma as an example, the vast majority of thyroid adenomas are follicular, and only 2% are papillary tumors; if thyroid cancer is transformed from adenoma, the vast majority should be follicular, but in fact more than half of thyroid cancers are papillary cancers, and it is speculated that the incidence of thyroid adenoma cancer is also very small. Genetic factors, about 5% to 10% of medullary thyroid cancers have a clear family history, and are often combined with pheochromocytoma and other intercalary diseases. It is speculated that the occurrence of this type of cancer may be related to chromosomal genetic factors.

(III) Iodine and TSH

Excessive or insufficient iodine intake can change the structure and function of the thyroid gland. For example, the incidence of thyroid cancer in the endemic goiter-endemic area of ​​Switzerland is 2%, which is 20 times higher than that in non-endemic areas such as Berlin. On the contrary, a high-iodine diet is also prone to induce thyroid cancer. Iceland and Japan are countries with the highest iodine intake, and their thyroid cancer detection rates are higher than those in other countries. This may be related to the factor that TSH stimulates thyroid hyperplasia. Experiments have shown that long-term TSH stimulation can promote thyroid hyperplasia, form nodules and cancer.

After we understand the above content, we know what the main causes of thyroid cancer are. This is a very complicated disease and brings very serious harm. Everyone must learn more about the above knowledge, especially to understand the above causes clearly and to prevent thyroid cancer.