Unique symptoms of teratoma

The harm caused by teratoma is extremely great. The disease is generally more common in women, and severe cases can even cause patients to be infertile. This has a great impact on patients and their families. Many people do not know much about teratoma due to lack of common knowledge about the disease. The following medical editor will introduce to you the unique symptoms of teratoma.

Types of teratoma:

1. Benign teratoma:

Most of them are cystic, so they are also called cystic teratomas, or dermoid cysts, which are more common in the ovaries. Most of the tumors are unilocular, with a granular inner wall, rough and uneven, and often with nodular protrusions. Sometimes small pieces of bone, cartilage, etc. can be seen, and there is sebum, hair, and even teeth in the cyst cavity. Under the microscope, in addition to skin tissue and skin appendages, glands covered with cubic epithelium, tracheal or intestinal mucosa, bones, cartilage, brain, smooth muscle, thyroid and other tissues can also be seen. Various tissues are basically differentiated and mature, so it is called mature teratoma. Benign teratomas have a good prognosis, and a few malignant ones will turn into squamous cell carcinomas.

2. Malignant teratoma:

Most of them are solid and more common in the testicles than in the ovaries. They are mainly composed of immature embryonic tissues, often with poorly differentiated neuroectodermal components, so they are also called immature teratomas. This tumor often metastasizes, and can metastasize to the pelvic cavity and distant organs.

Symptoms of malignant teratoma:

1. Symptoms of tumor malignancy

When malignant teratomas and benign teratomas become malignant, they often show rapid tumor growth, loss of original elasticity, and exophytic tumors with superficial venous distension and congestion, local skin infiltration and increased skin temperature. They can move through the lymph and blood vessels and cause lymph node enlargement and lung and bone movement symptoms, as well as systemic symptoms such as daily weight loss, anemia, and tumor fever.

2. Acute symptoms of abnormal tumor changes

Ovarian and testicular teratomas may cause ovarian or testicular torsion and necrosis, which may manifest as severe pain and corresponding local symptoms. When secondary infection and intracystic bleeding occur in teratomas, the tumor may often increase in size rapidly, with obvious local tenderness, and clinically accompanied by fever, anemia, shock and other systemic infection or blood loss symptoms. Tumors in the retroperitoneum, ovaries, pelvis, sacrococcyx and other parts of the body may also suddenly rupture and cause severe manifestations such as massive bleeding, hemoperitoneum, and shock.