Diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder cancer

Diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder cancer? I believe everyone knows that there is a certain relationship between gallbladder cancer and gallstones. Therefore, it is sometimes difficult for many people to determine whether they have gallbladder cancer. Therefore, at this time, we need some diagnostic basis to make a judgment. Next, let's take a look at what is the diagnosis of gallbladder cancer.

How is Gallbladder Cancer Diagnosed?

1. The sensitivity of CT scan for gallbladder cancer is 55%, especially for the diagnosis of early gallbladder cancer, which is not as good as US and EUS. CT image changes can be divided into three types: ① Wall thickness type: gallbladder cancer has limited or diffuse irregular thickening of the gallbladder wall. ② Nodular type: papillary nodules protrude from the gallbladder wall into the cavity, and the gallbladder cavity exists. ③ Solid type: gallbladder cancer is a solid mass formed by extensive infiltration and thickening of the tumor and filling of the cavity with cancer. If the gallbladder cancer tumor invades the liver or metastasizes to the liver hilum and pancreatic head lymph nodes, it can often be displayed under CT images.

2. Color Doppler blood flow imaging, which is also one of the diagnostic methods for gallbladder cancer. Domestic literature reports that abnormal high-speed arterial blood flow signals detected in the gallbladder mass and wall are important features that distinguish primary malignant gallbladder cancer from gallbladder metastasis or benign gallbladder masses.

3. Some people report that the diagnosis rate of ERCP for gallbladder cancer that can show the gallbladder can reach 70% to 90%, but more than half of ER-CP examinations cannot show gallbladder cancer. Its imaging manifestations can be divided into three situations: (1) The gallbladder and bile duct are well visualized: mostly early lesions, typical gallbladder cancer patients can see gallbladder filling defects or lesions connected to the cyst wall with a wide base. Infiltration of the gallbladder wall can show stiffness or deformation of the cyst wall. (2) The gallbladder is not visualized: mostly in the middle and late stages. (3) The gallbladder is not visualized and there is hepatic or extrahepatic bile duct stenosis: filling defects and dilatation of the hepatic bile duct above the obstruction are signs of advanced gallbladder cancer.

The above is a detailed description of the diagnostic basis for gallbladder cancer. I hope it can help everyone better understand how to detect whether they have gallbladder cancer.

Treatment of gallbladder cancer: Treatments for gallbladder cancer mainly include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and traditional Chinese medicine treatment.

1. Surgical treatment:

After the early detection of gallbladder cancer, the main treatment method is surgery. Surgery can quickly remove the tumor and solve the current fatal injury of the body. It mainly includes palliative surgery, extended radical cholecystectomy, and cholecystectomy alone.

2. Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is generally not used as the main treatment method for gallbladder cancer. It is insensitive to various chemotherapy drugs and is mostly used for postoperative adjuvant treatment. Commonly used drugs include ADM, 5-FU, MMC, etc.

3. Radiotherapy: Radiotherapy is currently only used as an auxiliary means for patients who have undergone surgery or whose tumors cannot be removed. After the lesion is removed, an electron beam generated by a cyclotron is used, and the general radiation dose is 40 to 50 GY. It is reported that the 3-year survival rate of gallbladder cancer lesion resection plus radiotherapy is 10.1%, while that of those without radiotherapy is 0%.

4. Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment: For patients who cannot undergo surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy, traditional Chinese medicine treatment can be chosen. It can regulate the patient's immunity from a holistic perspective, alleviate symptoms, help improve the patient's quality of life, and prolong the patient's survival.