What are the methods for colorectal cancer examination

In recent years, many people are prone to colorectal cancer. The incidence of this disease is very high and it is very harmful to the human body. Therefore, we need to pay attention to our health care methods and conduct reasonable examinations to effectively determine the cause, such as colonoscopy, magnifying endoscopy, and ultrasonic endoscopy. So, what are the common examination methods for colorectal cancer?

1 Colonoscopy operation method

The doctor's proficiency in operating the colonoscopy and the method used have a great difference in the detection results. Experts believe that a single-person operation method should be adopted to make the colonoscopy operation more coordinated and to observe the fine structure of the lesion more accurately. 95% of doctors in China use the backward method of two-person operation, which should be eliminated as soon as possible; the time for colonoscopy is 3 to 5 minutes, and the time for retraction is not less than 7 minutes; each intestinal segment should be repeatedly advanced and retracted for observation at least 3 times; frontal observation should be tried as much as possible, and repeated inhalation and inflation will help eliminate blind spots, especially lesions that are difficult to observe behind the folds; magnifying endoscopes should start from low magnification and gradually expand to the maximum magnification for observation, which is conducive to the determination of the nature of the lesion.

2 Magnifying endoscope

The use of magnifying colonoscopy can achieve the purpose of distinguishing the fine structure of lesions, glandular morphology and even changes in cell structure. At present, general magnifying endoscopes can magnify images 200 times. The purpose of this magnifying endoscopic examination is to confirm the lesion by observing the type and changes of the glandular duct opening. It is close to histological diagnosis and is very helpful for the qualitative diagnosis of superficial lesions including Ⅱc lesions. The two newer colonoscopy techniques: en-docytoscope and endomicroscope, can respectively enlarge cells 1125 times and magnify endoscopic images 1000 times. The former can see the cell nucleus and cell structure, and the latter can see the cell and subcellular structure. The diagnostic rate of inflammatory bowel disease cancer is compared with the gold standard. However, the use of magnifying endoscopy alone is prone to miss the diagnosis of flat and shallow concave adenomas. Compared with raised lesions, this type of adenoma has an earlier time of canceration, a higher degree of malignancy, and a faster progression.