Examination and diagnosis of colorectal cancer

After the disease occurs, interventional diagnosis and treatment must be performed as soon as possible. This is when the importance of examination is demonstrated. As a malignant tumor of the digestive tract, colorectal cancer has many examination methods in clinical practice, so as a patient, you must know the content to avoid omissions.

Colorectal cancer is a disease that is very harmful to the patient's body, so you must pay attention to the prevention of this disease in normal times. If you do not do a good job of prevention and unfortunately get sick, you should find and treat it early. However, colorectal cancer needs to be diagnosed before it can be treated accordingly.

1. Stool examination: Although the fecal occult blood test is not specific for the diagnosis of this disease, the method is simple and easy to perform. It can be used as a screening method or can provide clues for early diagnosis.

2. Rectal examination: Lower rectal cancer is much more common in my country than in other countries, so most rectal cancers can be felt during rectal examination.

3. Sigmoidoscopy: In China, colorectal cancer occurs in the rectum and sigmoid colon. The commonly used sigmoidoscope tube is 30 cm long and can directly detect tumors in the anal canal, rectum, and below the middle section of the sigmoid colon.

4. Barium enema X-ray examination: Patients with lesions in the upper sigmoid colon or higher should undergo X-ray barium enema examination. Ordinary barium enema X-ray examinations are prone to miss small colorectal cancers. It is best to use air-barium double contrast, which can improve the accuracy of radiological diagnosis and show the location and range of the cancer.

5. Fiber colonoscopy: It can clearly observe the entire colon and clamp suspicious lesions for pathological examination under direct vision. It is beneficial to the discovery of early and micro colon cancer and the diagnosis of cancer, further improving the diagnostic accuracy of the disease. It is the most important examination method for colorectal cancer.

6. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) determination: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) can be detected in the serum of patients with colorectal cancer. This is a glycoprotein that often appears in the serum of patients with malignant tumors. It is not a specific antigen related to colorectal cancer. Therefore, serum CEA determination is not specific for the diagnosis of this disease.

7. Other manifestations of colorectal cancer examination: Intrarectal ultrasound scanning can clearly show the range, size, depth and surrounding tissue of rectal masses, and can distinguish the fine structure of each layer of the rectal wall. The examination method is simple and can quickly provide images, which is helpful for selecting surgical methods and postoperative follow-up.

The above is the corresponding examination that the doctor should conduct when diagnosing colorectal cancer. If the patient feels unwell at ordinary times, he should go to the hospital for relevant examinations and treatment as soon as possible. After the doctor diagnoses the disease, he should receive effective treatment as soon as possible. Only in this way can the disease be cured as soon as possible.