Preoperative care for radical nephrectomy

Radical nephrectomy is a commonly used treatment for renal cancer. Effective preoperative care is the key to ensuring the success of the operation and reducing the occurrence of complications.

1. Patients with renal cancer should rest in bed before surgery to reduce physical exertion. As the tumor grows, the body's energy consumption increases, and the patient's nutritional status is often poor. Patients should also pay attention to nutritional supplementation before surgery to ensure the smooth progress of the operation.

2. Closely observe the renal function of patients with oliguria. Before surgery, urine routine test, blood urea nitrogen determination and phenol red test should generally be performed to determine whether the healthy kidney can compensate for the urinary system function.

3. Pain from surgical incision will affect the depth of abdominal and chest breathing. Coughing exercises before surgery can help prevent lung infection. Place one hand on the abdomen and one hand on the chest. After practicing deep breathing, use the abdominal muscles to stretch the tongue and open the mouth to open the valve so that the gas can be expelled to achieve effective coughing. Repeat this exercise more than twice a day, each time for about 15 minutes.

4. Patients with renal cancer and other diseases should receive necessary preoperative treatment. Patients with renal injury and shock must be treated actively. Patients with renal tuberculosis should receive anti-tuberculosis treatment before surgery. In addition, urinary tract infections should be controlled, water and electrolyte disorders should be corrected, and anemia and hypertension should be improved.

5. Patients who undergo nephrectomy will experience fear before the operation. Effective measures should be taken to help patients eliminate their fear and actively cooperate with doctors to complete various preoperative preparations.