Signs that a baby can't hear

Signs that your baby can't hear: If his ears are blocked, it's best to take the object away. If the ears are underdeveloped, surgery is necessary. After the rain, the most important issue is the development of the inner ear. If the inner ear develops well, there is also a chance that hearing will improve. If the inner ear has not developed, then the likelihood of hearing improvement may be very small. I hope you can provide more detailed information about your case and wish you a speedy recovery.

The causes of deafness are complex, including congenital and acquired factors. Among them, suppurative otitis media is the main cause of conductive deafness. In recent years, secretory otitis media has become the main cause of hearing loss in children. According to the location and nature of the lesion, deafness can be divided into four categories: conductive deafness, sensorineural deafness, mixed deafness and central deafness.

1. Causes of conductive hearing loss

(1) Congenital malformations are common, including malformations of the external ear and middle ear, such as congenital atresia of the external auditory canal or incomplete development of the tympanic membrane, ossicles, cochlear window, and vestibular window.

(2) Acquired: obstruction of the external auditory canal, such as cerumen embolism, bone warts, foreign bodies, tumors, inflammation, etc. Purulence or non-purulent inflammation of the middle ear may cause obstruction of the middle ear sound transmission mechanism, or ear trauma may damage the ossicular chain, or benign or malignant tumors of the middle ear or otosclerosis, etc.

2. Causes of sensorineural hearing loss

(1) Congenital: often caused by incomplete development of the inner ear auditory nerve, viral infection during pregnancy, taking ototoxic drugs, or injury during childbirth. Deafness caused by congenital inner ear malformations is sensorineural deafness. Based on inner ear X-ray tomography and embryogenesis, inner ear malformations are divided into five categories, namely, absent labyrinth, common cavity malformation, cochlear agenesis, cochlear dysplasia and incomplete septation. In addition, large vestibular aqueduct syndrome is also a common congenital inner ear malformation that causes sensorineural hearing loss.

Congenital deafness in sensorineural hearing loss can also include non-hereditary and hereditary types. Deafness caused by viral infection during pregnancy, taking ototoxic drugs, or injury during childbirth is non-hereditary deafness. Non-hereditary factors include the use of ototoxic drugs during pregnancy, viral infections, syphilis, bacterial infections during pregnancy, neonatal hypoxia, birth injuries, and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia; in addition, non-hereditary factors also include noise exposure, head trauma during delivery, and radiation exposure. Hereditary deafness is caused by changes in genetic genes. The incidence of non-hereditary and hereditary deafness is 50% each. 70% of hereditary deafness patients have no other symptoms except deafness. This type of deafness is non-syndromic deafness. Hereditary deafness includes autosomal negative, autosomal dominant, X-linked, Y-linked, mitochondrial (maternal) inheritance, etc.

Currently, it is known that many genes are related to non-syndromic deafness. Mutations in one or several of these genes, or mutations at different sites in a gene, can cause deafness. However, the deafness genes and their mutation sites are not the same among people of different races, or even in different regions of the same race. Relevant research in my country has shown that GJB2, SLC26A4, and mitochondrial genes (A1555G and C1494T mutations) are the three most common genes that cause most hereditary deafness in China. Genetic testing of these few genes can identify 40% of the genetic causes of deafness in the population. Combined with family history analysis and physical examination, more than 95% of hereditary deafness can be diagnosed. Screening and testing of deafness genes provide the possibility for preventing congenital sensorineural hearing loss and reducing its incidence.