Do you know about macular degeneration?

Macular degeneration is very common in daily life, but many people do not have a certain understanding of it. The main causes of it include eye inflammation and systemic diseases, high myopia or eye trauma, bad living habits, cardiovascular disease, ultraviolet rays and age. People need to adjust through correct living habits, maintain a good working posture and use their eyes rationally. I believe there will be good results.

1. The causes of macular degeneration mainly include the following aspects

1. Eye inflammation and systemic diseases: such as retinitis, uveitis, hypertension, diabetes, blood diseases, etc. can induce or be complicated by macular disease.

2. High myopia or eye trauma: High myopia or eye trauma can also cause macular hemorrhage or rupture.

3. Bad living habits: smoking, drinking, excessive use of eyes, fatigue driving, staying up late, working in front of the computer for a long time, etc. can also cause macular degeneration.

4. People with cardiovascular diseases: People with cardiovascular diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure are more likely to have lesions in the blood vessels in the macula of their eyes.

5. Ultraviolet rays: It is a common inducing factor. Ultraviolet rays can inadvertently enter the eyes and cause cumulative damage to the macula of the eyes.

6. Age: The older you are, the greater the risk of developing macular degeneration.

2. What are the symptoms of macular degeneration?

Age-related macular degeneration is an aging-related multifactorial eye disease. The older the age, the higher the prevalence. Therefore it is also called age-related macular degeneration. The true cause of this disease is unknown. It may be due to ischemia of the choroidal capillaries in the macula, degeneration and rupture of the drusen membrane, and reduced ability of the pigment epithelium to erode and digest the metabolic products of the visual cells (outer segment disc membrane), resulting in the deposition of residual small bodies of the disc membrane to form drusen. In addition, choroidal neovascularization enters the subretinal space and causes exudation and hemorrhage. Clinically, it is divided into atrophic type (dry type) and exudative type (wet type). The exudative type is also called age-related disciform macular degeneration. This disease is one of the main causes of blindness in the elderly.

Early stage of distorted vision and decreased vision, and later stage of severe visual impairment; fundus manifestations: atrophic type: unclear reflection, scattered yellow dot-like drusen (druscn), pigment disorder in the macular area, like pepper and salt or gold foil appearance; exudative type: in addition to the atrophic manifestations, exudation and bleeding can be seen, forming yellow-white, gray-black or gray-blue disc-shaped protrusions, and the source of the disease in the later stage is white organized scars and pigment masses or residual partial bleeding.

3. Prevention of macular degeneration

1. Do not use the air conditioner for too long, avoid air flow over the seats, and place tea near the seats to increase the surrounding humidity.

2. Eat more fruits, especially citrus fruits, and also eat more green vegetables, grains, fish and eggs. Drinking plenty of water can also help relieve dry eyes.

3. Maintain good living habits, get enough sleep and don’t stay up late.

4. Avoid operating the computer continuously for long periods of time. Take breaks in between. Usually, operate it for 1 hour and then take a 5-10 minute break. When resting, you can look into the distance or do eye exercises.

5. Pay attention to rest and avoid overusing your eyes to avoid forming myopia. Avoid staring at your eyes, and pay attention to blinking frequently and completely. Frequent blinking can reduce the time your eyes are exposed to the air and prevent tears from evaporating.

6. Maintain a good working posture. Maintain the most appropriate posture, with your eyes looking level or slightly downward at the screen. This will relax the neck muscles and minimize the area of ​​the eyeballs exposed to the air.

7. Adjust the distance and position of the fluorescent screen. The recommended distance is 50-70 cm, and the screen should be slightly below eye level by 10-20 cm, with a downward viewing angle of 15-20 degrees. Because the angle and distance can reduce the need for refraction and reduce the chance of eye fatigue.

8. If you have less tear secretion and your eyes are prone to dryness, it is not suitable for you to use contact lenses in front of the computer. You should wear frame glasses. People who wear contact lenses in front of a computer should also use those with high oxygen permeability.

Macular degeneration is caused by a variety of factors. Therefore, once your vision changes or your vision becomes distorted, you should go to a professional ophthalmology hospital for diagnosis and treatment in time to identify the cause and treatment, protect your visual function, and avoid harm to your body and life.