What are the screening methods for breast cancer? These 4 methods are all screening methods for breast cancer

Breast cancer seriously endangers women's health. Do you know what are the screening methods for breast cancer? Let's take a look below.

Breast cancer screening (or screening) is a cancer prevention measure for asymptomatic people. Breast cancer screening is an effective, simple and economical breast examination for asymptomatic women for early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment.

Introduction to screening methods

1. Molybdenum target X-ray film:

Mammography is a common method for diagnosing breast cancer, which is divided into dry plate photography and low-dose radiography. The breast tissue of young women is easily damaged by radiation, and their breast tissue is dense, which is generally difficult to diagnose and identify. Therefore, mammography is often not recommended for women under 35 years old.

2. Ultrasound examination:

Ultrasound imaging is non-destructive and can be used repeatedly. Ultrasound imaging is often more accurate in determining the size of a tumor, and can therefore be used to compare the efficacy of non-surgical treatments (such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy, etc.). Other imaging diagnostic methods include thermal imaging, near-infrared scanning, CT and magnetic resonance imaging.

Cytological and histological diagnosis; exfoliative cytology; fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAB) It is widely used, safe to operate, and rapid in diagnosis. The final diagnosis of breast cancer should come from a biopsy.

3. Genetic testing:

Through a series of laboratory methods, minimally invasive tests are performed on an individual's genetic arrangement and expression to assess the individual's risk of disease.

Genetic testing can help people understand their genetic defects and disease risks in a timely manner even if they are not physically sick, so that they can know about their diseases early, prevent them early, and treat them early. They can also take a series of targeted prevention and treatment measures to adapt their living environment and living habits to the requirements of their genes, allowing them to live clearly and be in control of their own lives.

4. Family breast cancer gene mutation testing includes:

1. Check BRCA gene mutation.

2. BRCA2 gene mutation test.

BRCA1 and BRCA2 are the breast cancer genes that have been discovered so far. If a patient has mutations in these two genes, their chance of developing breast cancer in their lifetime is about 80%, and the age of onset will also be earlier. At the same time, if gene mutations are found in children, it means that they are also at high risk. By screening for hereditary breast cancer susceptibility genes, potential breast cancer populations can be identified and timely intervention can be made.

The best time to do a breast exam for women

For women with normal menstruation, the best time to perform breast self-examination is 9 to 11 days after menstruation. The main reason is that at this time, the effect of estrogen on the breast is minimal, the breast is in a relatively static state, and it is easier to find lesions.

Breast examination precautions

1. Pay attention to medical history

The medical history is a reference for menstrual, marital and childbearing history, previous breast disease history, family history of breast cancer, etc. It is of great significance for predisposition physical examination and further examination.

2. Pay attention to physical signs

We should pay attention to the physical examination of the breast, not over-rely on image examinations, ignore clinical signs of diagnostic value and misdiagnosis, or conduct a large number of examinations, so that patients bear unnecessary burdens due to inappropriate auxiliary examinations. The examination should also be symptomatic, and the necessary steps of breast examination - clinical signs are an important reference for clinical signs.

3. References

Follow the principle of comparing both sides, first the healthy side and then the affected side; pay attention to the comprehensiveness of the examination, follow the principle of diagnosis first and then touch, first the breast and then the whole body, and do not miss any signs, details, or axillary lymph nodes. Comparison is a very important method of breast examination, and self-examination is also an important reference standard. (Reference website: Zhongkang Physical Examination Network)