Experts explain surgical treatment methods for rectal cancer

Surgery is a relatively effective method for treating rectal cancer. It can more thoroughly control the deterioration of rectal cancer and is very beneficial to patients with rectal cancer. What are the common surgical methods for treating rectal cancer ? The following will tell you about the common surgical methods for treating rectal cancer.

In general, common surgical treatments for rectal cancer include:

1. Abdominoperineal resection: Indications: cancer of the lower rectum, where the distance between the lower edge of the cancer and the anal margin is less than 7 cm. This surgical resection of rectal cancer includes the entire rectum and its adipose lymphatic tissue in the proper fascia, most of the sigmoid colon and its mesentery and lymphatic tissue, the lymphatic tissue at the root of the inferior mesenteric blood vessels before the abdominal aorta, the pelvic floor peritoneum, the rectal lateral ligaments and levator ani muscles, the anal canal, the skin around the anus, the anal sphincter and the adipose lymphatic tissue of the ischiorectal fossa. The blood vessels are ligated and cut off at the root of the inferior mesenteric artery or below the branch of the left colic artery, the corresponding para-arterial lymph nodes are cleared, a permanent colostomy and artificial anus are made in the abdomen, and the perineal wound is sutured in the first stage or packed with gauze. This operation is thorough and has a high cure rate. This is a common surgical treatment for rectal cancer.

2. Anterior resection of rectal cancer: This method of treating rectal cancer is mainly suitable for upper rectal tumors more than 12 cm away from the anal margin. The sigmoid colon and rectum are removed in the abdominal cavity. Its advantages are less traumatic, retaining the anus and good function, and the effect is ideal. This method is not suitable for patients with rectal cancer with larger tumors and a wide range of spread and infiltration of surrounding tissues. It is also clinically called low abdominal resection and extraperitoneal primary anastomosis.

3. Anus-preserving surgery for rectal cancer: It is mainly suitable for patients with early rectal cancer whose tumor is 7-11 cm away from the anal margin. It is also a common surgical method for rectal cancer. Anus-preserving surgery for rectal cancer has the advantages of simple operation and short operation time. It also avoids the mental and physical pain brought to patients by permanent artificial anus and many complications caused by artificial anus, and improves the quality of life. Clinically, whether to choose anus-preserving surgery is mostly determined based on the pathological type of rectal cancer patients, the size of the tumor, and the degree of infiltration and spread. This method of treating rectal cancer aims at radical cure and has a good prognosis.

The above is an introduction to the common surgical treatment methods for rectal cancer. I believe everyone has some understanding of this. Patients should choose the treatment method for rectal cancer that suits them according to their actual condition and should not choose blindly.