How to remove indoor formaldehyde and benzene

In home decoration, due to the application of various chemical materials and some factors in the construction process, the decoration will cause certain pollution and harm to the living room, which will cause harm to the human body. How to remove indoor formaldehyde and benzene, among which formaldehyde and benzene are two main types. substance. So how to remove indoor formaldehyde and benzene, and what are the hazards of indoor formaldehyde and benzene? Friends who need to decorate need to understand it carefully.

Formaldehyde is a colorless, irritating gas that is easily soluble in water. It has the function of coagulating protein. Its 35%~40% aqueous solution is commonly known as formalin and is often used as a solution for immersing specimens. Formaldehyde is a highly toxic substance and ranks second on my country's priority control list of toxic chemicals. Formaldehyde in indoor environments can be roughly divided into two categories based on its source:

Pollution from outdoor air:

Industrial waste gas, automobile exhaust, photochemical smog, etc. can emit or produce a certain amount of formaldehyde to a certain extent, but the content of this part is very small. According to relevant reports, the annual average concentration of formaldehyde in urban air is about 0.005~0.01mg/m3, generally not exceeding 0.03mg/m3. This part of the gas can enter the room at some time and is a source of indoor formaldehyde pollution.

It mainly focuses on the indoor use of chemical products such as building materials, decoration items and daily necessities, but also includes some minor factors such as incomplete combustion of fuel and tobacco leaves. Formaldehyde has strong adhesion and can enhance the hardness of the board and its insect and corrosion resistance. Therefore, various particle boards, medium-density fiberboards and plywoods on the market currently use urea-formaldehyde resin with formaldehyde as the main component as adhesive, and therefore inevitably contain formaldehyde. In addition, adhesives are used in the decoration auxiliary equipment of new furniture, walls and floors. Therefore, wherever adhesives are used, formaldehyde gas will always be released, causing harm to the indoor environment. Since urea-formaldehyde foam resin insulation materials made of urea-formaldehyde resin have good thermal insulation effects, they are often made into building envelope structures to prevent indoor temperatures from being affected by outdoor temperatures. In addition, formaldehyde can also come from cosmetics, detergents, pesticides, disinfectants, preservatives, printing inks, paper, etc. Therefore, generally speaking, the sources of formaldehyde in indoor environments are still very extensive. Generally, the formaldehyde content in a newly renovated house can reach 0.40 mg/m3, and in some cases it may reach 1.50 mg/m3. Studies have shown that the formaldehyde content in the indoor environment is closely related to the use time, temperature, humidity and ventilation conditions of the house. In general, the longer a house is used, the less formaldehyde residue there is in the indoor environment; the higher the temperature and the greater the humidity, the more conducive to the release of formaldehyde; the better the ventilation conditions, the faster the release of formaldehyde in building and decoration materials, and the more conducive to the cleanliness of the indoor environment.

Toluene mainly comes from some solvents, perfumes, detergents, wallpapers, adhesives, paints, etc. The amount of toluene produced by smoking in indoor environments is also considerable. According to statistics from the US EPA, the toluene content in mainstream smoke of unfiltered cigarettes is approximately 100~200ug, and the toluene concentration ratio of side/mainstream smoke is 1.3.

After toluene enters the body, about 48% is metabolized and finally excreted from the body through the liver, brain, lungs and kidneys. In this process, it will cause harm to the nervous system. Experiments on volunteers have shown that when the toluene concentration in the blood reaches 1250 mg/m3, the short-term memory ability, attention span and sensory motor speed of the contacts are significantly reduced. Xylene comes from solvents, pesticides, polyester fibers, tapes, adhesives, wallpaper, paints, wet-process photocopiers, pressboard products, and carpets.

Xylene includes three isomers: ortho, meta and para. The meta isomer has the largest proportion, reaching 60%~70%, while the para isomer has the lowest content. Xylene can be absorbed through the respiratory tract, skin and digestive tract. Its vapor enters the human body through the respiratory tract and some is excreted through the respiratory tract. The absorbed xylene is distributed in the body mainly in adipose tissue and adrenal glands, followed by bone marrow, brain, blood, kidneys and liver. The toxicity of the three isomers of industrial xylene is slightly different, but all are low-toxic. It was reported that three workers inhaled xylene at a concentration of 43.1g/m3. One of them died 18.5 hours later. The autopsy showed pulmonary congestion and cerebral hemorrhage. The other two workers lost consciousness for 19 to 24 hours, accompanied by memory loss and changes in renal function. In addition, inhalation of high concentrations of xylene can cause loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, and sometimes reversible damage to the liver and kidneys. At the same time, xylene is also an anesthetic, and long-term exposure can cause dysfunction of the nervous system.