What causes ovarian cancer

The occurrence of ovarian cancer is related to multiple factors such as genetics, environment, physiology, trauma and pathology. Genetic factors such as BRCA1/2 gene mutation, environmental factors such as long-term exposure to chemicals, physiological factors such as abnormal hormone levels, trauma and pathological factors such as chronic inflammation may increase the risk of disease. Prevention and treatment need to be combined with specific causes and targeted measures should be taken.

1. Genetic factors

Ovarian cancer has a strong genetic susceptibility, especially BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations. These gene mutations increase the risk of ovarian cancer and may be passed on to the next generation through family inheritance. Women with a family history should undergo regular genetic testing and consider preventive surgery, such as oophorectomy, if necessary.

2. Environmental factors

Long-term exposure to certain chemicals, such as asbestos and talcum powder, may increase the risk of ovarian cancer. Bad lifestyle habits such as smoking and drinking may also have a negative impact on ovarian health. It is recommended to reduce exposure to harmful substances and maintain a healthy lifestyle.

3. Physiological factors

Abnormal hormone levels are one of the important causes of ovarian cancer. For example, long-term use of hormone replacement therapy or contraceptives may increase the risk of the disease. Factors such as early menarche, late menopause, and nulliparity may also affect ovarian health. It is recommended that women undergo regular gynecological examinations and pay attention to changes in hormone levels.

4. Trauma and pathological factors

Trauma or chronic inflammation of the ovaries may lead to abnormal cell proliferation and then develop into cancer. For example, diseases such as pelvic inflammatory disease and endometriosis may increase the risk of ovarian cancer. Treatment requires intervention targeting the primary disease, such as anti-inflammatory treatment or surgical removal of the lesion.

5. Prevention and treatment

Prevention of ovarian cancer requires multiple approaches. In terms of diet, it is recommended to consume more foods rich in antioxidants, such as vegetables and fruits; in terms of exercise, maintaining moderate exercise can help enhance immunity. For high-risk groups, drug prevention, such as oral contraceptives, can be considered. In terms of treatment, surgical resection is the main means, and chemotherapy and targeted therapy can also be used as auxiliary means.

The causes of ovarian cancer are complex and varied, and prevention and treatment need to be combined with individual circumstances. Genetic testing, a healthy lifestyle, regular checkups and other means can effectively reduce the risk of disease. For patients who have been diagnosed, early detection and standardized treatment are the key to improving survival rates.