How will the pathology report of fibroid tumor be written if it is cancer? Do you know these types?

What will the pathology report say if a fibroma is cancer? Fibromas are often found under the skin, grow slowly, are generally small, have clear edges, smooth surfaces, are hard, and can be pushed. If mixed with other components, they become fibromyomas, fibroadenomas, fibrolipomas, etc. Fibromas, especially desmoids in the abdominal wall muscles, can become malignant and should be completely removed as soon as possible.

There are several types of fibroids.

a. Xanthofibroma: It is common in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue of the trunk and proximal upper arms. It often arises from small papules after trauma or itching. The lumps are hard with unclear edges. Because of internal bleeding, they contain hemosiderin and are dark brown. If the tumor is larger than 1 cm and grows rapidly, it should be suspected to be a fibrosarcoma and must be completely removed surgically.

b. Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: located in the dermis, protruding from the body surface, with smooth surface skin, shaped like keloid, prone to occur on the trunk, low-grade malignancy, with pseudocapsule, prone to recurrence after resection, multiple recurrences increase the malignancy, and can metastasize through the blood. The tumor focus containing enough normal skin and deep adjacent fascia should be removed as soon as possible.

c. Band-like fibroma: It is caused by the reparative hyperplasia of the abdominal wall muscles after trauma or birth injury. It has no obvious capsule and is suitable for surgical resection. Fibromatosis is a tumor derived from fibrous tissue. The incidence rate is 1.37% of benign soft tissue tumors.

Tumors can occur in large muscles anywhere in the body, most commonly in the rectus abdominis and adjacent muscle aponeurosis of the abdominal wall, which is more common during pregnancy and late pregnancy. Tumors outside the abdominal wall are more common in men, and are more common in the scapula, thigh, and buttocks. The age of onset is mostly between 30 and 50 years old, and it is also not uncommon in children and adolescents. The cause of this disease is still unclear, and it may be related to trauma, hormones, and genetic factors.

Fibromatosis is a fibrous tissue tumor that originates from muscle, aponeurosis, and fascia and is rich in collagen. Pathologically, it is benign or low-grade malignant. However, the tumor has no capsule, grows in an invasive manner, and has obvious malignant biological behavior, that is, it recurs stubbornly and repeatedly, but rarely metastasizes to distant sites. The recurrence rate is 25-57%.

The recurrence time is usually 1 month to 1 year after surgery, and can even reach more than 10 years, so this type of tumor is also called aggressive fibromatosis. Multiple recurrences can cause the lesions to spread more widely, and uncontrollable growth can occur, invading important organs and endangering life. Microscopically, the tumor contains abundant collagen fibers, the lesions have no capsule, and there is no boundary with the surrounding tissues. Sometimes the surrounding tissues are included in the lesions. Nuclear division is rare, and capillaries and fat cells are rare. A small number of recurrent cases may show morphological changes of fibrosarcoma.

The tumor is located in deep tissues, with no obvious subjective symptoms or slight discomfort. It grows slowly. It is irregular or oval in shape, with its long diameter consistent with the direction of the affected muscle fibers. The size of the tumor is related to the duration of the disease, and the diameter ranges from a few centimeters to more than ten centimeters. The tumor has unclear boundaries, a smooth surface, no tenderness, and is tough like rubber. It is relatively fixed longitudinally to the invaded muscle, but can move slightly laterally, and has no adhesion to the skin.

Huge tumors can affect movement and compress nerves. The tumor is not large, mostly located in the subcutaneous tissue, grows slowly, is hard, has a shiny surface, has clear boundaries, is not adhered to the skin, and has a certain degree of mobility. It is mainly treated with extensive surgical resection. Radiotherapy and hormone application can inhibit tumor growth in individual cases, but it is generally considered not to be the main treatment method, but can be used as palliative treatment for those who cannot undergo surgery.