Interpreting the six important numbers of life

One of the six important numbers in life: weight

Normal is 18.5 to 23.9 kg/㎡

When weight exceeds the prescribed ideal weight by 20%, it is considered obese. The standard weight is also called the ideal weight. The standard weight for each person is easy to calculate: the degree of obesity in adults can be measured by body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. The calculation method of body mass index (BMI): BMI=weight (kg)/height (m)2; less than 18.5kg/㎡ is underweight; normal is 18.5 to 23.9kg/㎡; greater than 24kg/㎡ is overweight, and greater than 28kg/m2 is obese. Obesity is associated with a range of chronic diseases.

It is best to maintain our weight within a normal range, at least young people should not be overweight and middle-aged people should not be obese. The latest authoritative 10 cancer prevention recommendations proposed by the World Cancer Fund and six international organizations have the biggest new knowledge highlight, which is that they have found sufficient evidence that obesity can increase the risk of esophageal, pancreatic, colon/rectal, breast, endometrial, kidney and other cancers. They propose "being as thin as possible within the normal weight range, keeping weight at the low end of the body mass index from children to adolescence, maintaining weight within the normal range from the age of 21, and avoiding weight gain and waist circumference increase throughout adulthood."

Interpreting the six important numbers of life Part 2: Waist circumference

Male 90 cm Female 80 cm

In a sense, waist circumference can reflect a person's health status. Everyone pursues a beautiful figure. Keeping the waist circumference within 90 cm for men and 80 cm for women will make you healthier. Being too fat is like an "overloaded truck", and the "apple-shaped" central obesity body is even more "high-risk". Obesity is not simply caused by excessive accumulation of triglycerides, but a problem with the "warehouse" that holds fat. Under normal circumstances, fat should be stored in the subcutaneous tissue, but this "warehouse" of obese people is squeezed and damaged. Fat has to move from the "subcutaneous" to the "inner layer", and then to the liver, myocardium, and microvessels, settling in non-fat storage points, and the damage of obesity begins from then on. The more severe the obesity, the higher the incidence of type 2 diabetes. If the waist circumference is divided by the hip circumference, people with a ratio greater than 1 for men and greater than 0.9 for women are considered "apple-shaped".

Interpreting the Six Important Numbers of Life Part 3: Movement

3 to 4 times a week, 30 minutes each time

It is very important to take time to exercise. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure are the most important indicators for preventing arterial aging. Exercise can lower both systolic and diastolic blood pressure; exercise can increase healthy cholesterol levels; exercise makes your blood vessels more elastic; exercise increases bone density and prevents osteoporosis; stress is an important cause of human aging, and exercise produces endorphins to relieve stress and make people happy; any exercise can enhance muscle strength; as long as you do moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, jogging, brisk walking, climbing stairs, mountaineering, swimming, etc. 3 to 4 times a week, about 30 minutes each time, your heart, your arteries, your bones and joints, your mood, and your attitude towards life will improve. Exercise gives you overall health!

Interpreting the Six Important Numbers of Life Part 4: Blood Pressure

120/80 mmHg is the gold standard for normal blood pressure

The cardiovascular system is like a subway station or rail transportation system, with the heart as the central terminal and the arteries and veins as the tracks and tunnels that allow passengers to get off at stations throughout the body. Protect your life network and you will achieve long-term health.

Blood pressure is the force of blood against the walls of your arteries as it flows through them. Hypertension is known as the "silent killer" and is closely related to coronary heart disease and stroke. Hypertension has no symptoms, which means that everyone should measure their blood pressure regularly. 120/80 mmHg is the gold standard for normal blood pressure. Once your blood pressure is too high, you need to keep it under control. When your blood pressure drops from high to normal, you will be younger and safer. If you are 55 years old, your physiological age will increase by one year for every 5 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure or every 7 mmHg increase in diastolic blood pressure. If you lower your blood pressure from 160/90 mmHg to the gold standard, you can be 9 years younger.

Interpreting the Six Important Numbers of Life Part Five: Blood Lipids

The ideal total cholesterol level should be

Blood lipids are the general term for lipids contained in the blood. It is like a big family, with the eldest brother, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, the second brother, triglycerides, and the third brother, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. There can't be too many brothers, because if there are too many, they will block the roads and hinder traffic. The more third brothers the better, as they can dissuade the two older brothers from blocking traffic.

The ones who should be most concerned about are the eldest brother and the third brother, because their functions are completely different. The eldest brother can easily adsorb on the walls of arterial blood vessels, and when condensed, it can become the culprit of myocardial infarction and an accomplice of cerebral thrombosis. The third brother is a scavenger who can help the eldest brother remove the bad cholesterol he carries. Therefore, exercise and a balanced diet can increase the level of "good cholesterol" HDL in our body as much as possible, and also reduce the level of "bad cholesterol" LDL.

When ordinary people live at home, they are very careful with their money, and when they go shopping, they are afraid of being shortchanged on weight. But have you ever measured your health? On the occasion of this year's "World Metrology Day", the editor recommends that you: be thrifty and measure your health.

Normal range of blood lipids

(1) Plasma total cholesterol control standard. The ideal value should be 240mg/dL. (2) Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) control standard. Its ideal value should be 160mg/dL. (3) Plasma triglyceride (TG) control standard. The ideal value should be 240mg/dL. (4) High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) control standard. Its ideal value should be >50mg/dL; the critical value is 35～50mg/dL; the dangerous value is

Four blood lipid tests

Total cholesterol: 28-57 mmol/L

Triglyceride: 056～230mmol/L

Cholesterol ester: 28-60mmol/L (110-230mg/dl), accounting for 0.70-0.75% (70-75%) of total cholesterol

High-density lipoprotein: Male: 080～168mmol/L; Female: 090～198mmol/L

Low-density lipoprotein: 168-453 mmol/L

Interpreting the six important numbers of life 6: blood sugar

The normal fasting blood sugar level is 3.9～6.0mmol/L

The glucose contained in the blood is called blood sugar, which refers to the concentration of glucose in the blood. A person's blood sugar changes within this normal range anytime and anywhere. Glucose in the blood is oxidized and broken down in tissues and organs to supply energy. During strenuous activity or when the body is deprived of oxygen, lactic acid and a small amount of energy are produced to replenish the body's urgent needs. Glucose can be synthesized into liver glycogen and muscle glycogen for storage. Excess glucose can be converted into fat, etc.

The normal fasting blood glucose concentration is 3.9～6.0mmol/L. A fasting blood glucose concentration exceeding 6.0mmol/L is called hyperglycemia. A blood sugar concentration below 3.9mmol/L is called hypoglycemia.

Insulin is a key blood sugar lowering hormone in the body. On the one hand, it can promote glucose in the blood to enter tissue cells such as the liver, muscles and fat, and synthesize glycogen in the cells or convert it into other nutrients for storage; on the other hand, it can promote the oxidation and decomposition of glucose to release energy for the body to use.

Diabetes is a disorder of sugar, lipid and protein metabolism caused by lack of insulin in the body or failure of insulin to function normally. Strictly speaking, diabetes is not a single disease, but a general term for multiple diseases. The most common type of diabetes is type 2, followed by type 1 diabetes. The common feature of diabetes is an abnormally high glucose concentration in the blood, which may cause typical symptoms of "three mores and one less", namely, drinking more, eating more, urinating more and losing weight. Often accompanied by fatigue and weakness. But a considerable number of patients have no obvious symptoms. In severe cases, acute complications such as ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar diabetic coma may occur, and multiple infections are likely to occur. As the disease progresses, it can lead to chronic lesions of tissues and organs such as the eyes, kidneys, nerves, blood vessels and heart. If not treated promptly, complications such as myocardial infarction, cerebral stroke, renal failure, blindness, lower limb gangrene and amputation may occur, leading to death or disability.